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Perivascular Adipose Tissue

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Textbook of Vascular Medicine

Abstract

Contractility of small arteries determines systemic blood pressure, so the microvasculature is often invoked as a therapeutic target for hypertension and its consequences. This is especially the case for obesity-related hypertension which is characterized by small artery dysfunction. In the context of obesity-related cardiovascular disease, there has been much interest in white adipose tissue. The adipose tissue which surrounds small arteries – also known as perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) – is not merely a structural support for the arteries but also influences the contractile function of the artery, inducing dilation. This local vascular coupling mechanism is achieved through the release of several key paracrine hormones which alter vascular function. In obesity, however, inflammation in PVAT degrades the vasodilatory effect on the arteries, and this leads to hypertension. We also describe a novel CT imaging approach through which the relationship between arteries and the PVAT can be quantified in vivo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Saad Javed, Mariam Alakrawi & Adam S. Greenstein

  2. Division of Acute and Rehabilitation Medicine, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

    Saad Javed, Mariam Alakrawi & Adam S. Greenstein

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  1. Saad Javed
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  2. Mariam Alakrawi
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Correspondence to Adam S. Greenstein .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Rhian M. Touyz

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    Christian Delles

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Javed, S., Alakrawi, M., Greenstein, A.S. (2019). Perivascular Adipose Tissue. In: Touyz, R., Delles, C. (eds) Textbook of Vascular Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16481-2_23

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