Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies

WorldCIST'19 2019: New Knowledge in Information Systems and Technologies pp 392–401Cite as

Validating Game Mechanics and Gamification Parameters with Card Sorting Methods

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 932))

Abstract

The article is based on the application of a Card Sorting to establish a criteria in accordance with the most relevant game mechanics at present. The evaluation has been carried out with experts in the gamification sector who are currently active. The study presented is based on the application of user experience techniques: interviews and card sorting system, which have allowed the first definition of the concepts applicable to gamified systems and describe, compare, eliminate, group and hierarchies three types of game mechanics, the most used, starting with the first definition criteria of game mechanics and what is not. The results are founded on a first approximation that indicates parameters to be taken into account in the possible application in gamified systems contributing with both strong and weak points of the three systems and allowing to establish a starting point for more possible closed evaluations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Villagrasa, S., Fonseca, D., Redondo, E., Duran, J.: Teaching case of gamification and visual technologies for education. Cases Inf. Technol. 16(4), 38–57 (2014). https://doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2014100104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Fonseca, D., Navarro, I., Villagrasa, S., Redondo, E., Valls, F.: Sistemas de Visualización Gamificados para la mejora de la Motivación Intrínseca en Estudiantes de Arquitectura. In: CINAIC 2017 - IV Congreso Internacional sobre Aprendizaje, Innovación y Competitividad, pp. 209–214 (2017). https://doi.org/10.26754/cinaic.2017.000001_043

  3. Calvo, X., Fonseca, D., Sánchez-Sepúlveda, M., Amo, D., Llorca, J., Redondo, E.: Programming Virtual Interactions for Gamified Educational Proposes of Urban Spaces. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10925 LNCS, pp. 128–140 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91152-6_10

  4. Hunicke, R., LeBlanc, M., Zubek, R.: MDA: A Formal Approach to Game Design and Game Research. In: Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Workshop on Challenges in Game AI (AAAI 2004) (2004). doi:10.1.1.79.4561

    Google Scholar 

  5. Villegas, E., Labrador, E., Fonseca, D., Fernández-Guinea, S: Mejora de las metodologías de experiencia de usuario mediante la aplicación de gamificación. Metodología I’m In. In: 13th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), pp. 1–6. Cáceres (2018). e-ISBN: 978-989-98434-8-6, Print-ISBN:978. https://doi.org/10.23919/cisti.2018.8399386

  6. Villegas, E., Labrador, E., Fonseca, D., Fernández-Guinea, S.: Methodology I’M IN applied to Workshop. Successful educational practice for consultants in user experience with gamification fields. Universal Access in the Information Society (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fitz-Walter, Z., Johnson, D., Wyeth, P., Tjondronegoro, D., Scott-Parker, B.: Driven to drive? Investigating the effect of gamification on learner driver behavior, perceived motivation and user experience. Computers in Human Behavior (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.050

  8. Fonseca, D., Villagrasa, S., Navarro, I., Redondo, E., Valls, F., Llorca, J., Gómez-Zevallos, M., Ferrer, Á., Calvo, X.: Student motivation assessment using and learning virtual and gamified urban environments. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality - TEEM 2017, pp. 1–7 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1145/3144826.3145422

  9. Attali, Y., Arieli-Attali, M.: Gamification in assessment: Do points affect test performance? Comput. Educ. 83, 57–63 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.12.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Mekler, E.D., Brühlmann, F., Tuch, A.N., Opwis, K.: Towards understanding the effects of individual gamification elements on intrinsic motivation and performance. Comput. Hum. Behav. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.048

  11. Dicheva, D., Dichev, C., Agre, G., Angelova, G.:. Gamification in education: A systematic mapping study. Educ. Technol. Soc. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/educon.2014.6826129

  12. Prowting, F. (n.d.). Gamification: engaging your workforce

    Google Scholar 

  13. Amo, D., Valls, A., Alier, M., Canaleta, X., García-Peñalvo, F.J., Fonseca, D., Redondo, E.: Using web analytics tools to improve the quality of educational resources and the learning process of students in a gamified situation. In: Proceedings of 12th Annual International Technology, Education and Development Conference, p. 5 (2018). https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2018.1384

  14. Sanchez-Sepulveda, M., Fonseca, D., Franquesa, J., Redondo, E.: Virtual interactive innovations applied for digital urban transformations. Mixed approach. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 91, 371–381 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2018.08.016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Spencer, D.: Card Sorting: Designing Usable Categories. In: Card Sorting: Designing Usable Categories (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Schmettow, M., Sommer, J.: Linking card sorting to browsing performance – are congruent municipal websites more efficient to use? Behav. Inf. Technol. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2016.1157207

  17. Zimmerman, D.E., Akerelrea, C.: A group card sorting methodology for developing informational Web sites. In: IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (2002). https://doi.org/10.1109/ipcc.2002.1049127

  18. Tullis, T., Albert, B.: Measuring the User Experience: Collecting, Analyzing, and Presenting Usability Metrics, 2nd edn. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/c2011-0-00016-9

  19. Nawaz, A.: A Comparison of card-sorting analysis methods. In: Proceedings of the 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (2012). https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242011000200014

  20. Petrie, H., Power, C., Cairns, P., Seneler, C.: Using card sorts for understanding website information architectures: technological, methodological and cultural issues. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23768-3_26

  21. Sakai, R., Aerts, J.: Card sorting techniques for domain characterization in problem-driven visualization research. In: Eurographics Conference on Visualization (EuroVis) - Short Papers (2015). https://doi.org/10.2312/eurovisshort.20151136

  22. Blanchard, S.J., Banerji, I.: Evidence-based recommendations for designing free-sorting experiments. Behav. Res. Methods (2016). https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0644-6

  23. Barnum, C.: Usability Testing Essentials. (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/c2009-0-20478-8

  24. Nielsen, J.: Why You Only Need to Test with 5 Users. Nielsens, Jakob (2000). http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20000319.html

  25. Jorgensen, D.L.: Participant observation: a method for human studies. Participant Obs. (1989). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412985376.n1

  26. Chou, Y.-K.: Octalysis: Complete Gamification framework. Website (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.04.035

  27. Jiménez, S. (n.d.). Gamification Model Canvas | Game Marketing (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Marczewski, A.: 48 Gamification elements, mechanics and ideas. Gamified UK (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Fonseca, B., Morgado, L., Paredes, H., Martins, P., Gonçalves, R., Neves, P., Nunes, R., Lima, J., Varajão, J., Pereira, Â., Sanders, R., Soraci, A.: PLAYER-a European project and a game to foster entrepreneurship education for young people. J. Univ. Comput. Sci. 18(1), 86–105 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Martins, J., Gonçalves, R., Branco, F., Barbosa, L., Melo, M., Bessa, M.: A multisensory virtual experience model for thematic tourism: A Port wine tourism application proposal. J. Destination Mark. Manag. 6(2), 103–109 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2017.02.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

To the support of the Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca of the Department of Business and Knowledge of the Generalitat de Catalunya for the help regarding 2017 SGR 934.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. La Salle – Universitat Ramon Llull, 08022, Barcelona, Spain

    Eva Villegas, Emiliano Labrador & David Fonseca

  2. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Sara Fernández-Guinea

Authors
  1. Eva Villegas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Emiliano Labrador
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David Fonseca
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Sara Fernández-Guinea
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David Fonseca .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Engenharia Informática, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

    Álvaro Rocha

  2. The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

    Hojjat Adeli

  3. Faculdade de Engenharia/LIACC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Luís Paulo Reis

  4. DIMES, Università della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy

    Sandra Costanzo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Villegas, E., Labrador, E., Fonseca, D., Fernández-Guinea, S. (2019). Validating Game Mechanics and Gamification Parameters with Card Sorting Methods. In: Rocha, Á., Adeli, H., Reis, L., Costanzo, S. (eds) New Knowledge in Information Systems and Technologies. WorldCIST'19 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 932. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16187-3_38

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation