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Use of CO2 as Source of Carbon for Energy-Rich Cn Products

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An Economy Based on Carbon Dioxide and Water

Abstract

Catalytic CO2 conversion to clean fuels and chemicals is crucial for mitigating the climate change and reducing the dependence on nonrenewable energy resources. Converting CO2 by hydrogenation using heterogeneous catalysts has been extensively studied in the past decades, and the products distribution can be manipulated by selecting catalysts and reaction conditions. Generally, CO2 conversion to hydrocarbons and to alcohols are the two routes that have been explored the most, and significant advances have been made in developing efficient catalysts and understanding the thermodynamics and kinetics of the two paths. However, effective catalysts and processes are required to selectively maximize CO2 conversion to either C2–C4 olefins, C5+ hydrocarbons, or aromatics and to minimize CH4 and CO. Catalysis for higher alcohols synthesis from CO2 is still in the very early stage and requires more fundamental research due to the lack of understanding the possible reaction pathways and of controlling the key intermediates. This review summarizes the progresses in CO2 conversion via heterogeneous catalysis for the two pathways in the past five years and discusses the origin of the activity and plausible reaction mechanism through a combination of computational, experimental, and analytical studies, along with suggestions for designing improved catalysts in the future.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the Pennsylvania State University through the EMS Energy Institute, the Institutes of Energy and the Environment and the Joint Center for Energy Research established between Penn State and Dalian University of Technology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Energy & Mineral Engineering and of Chemical Engineering, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, EMS Energy Institute, Pennsylvania State University, 209 Academic Projects Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Jiang Xiao & Chunshan Song

  2. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Xinwen Guo & Chunshan Song

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  1. Jiang Xiao
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  2. Xinwen Guo
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  3. Chunshan Song
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Correspondence to Chunshan Song .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. IC²R srl, Lab H124, Tecnopolis, Valenzano, Italy

    Michele Aresta

  2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Iftekhar Karimi

  3. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Sibudjing Kawi

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Xiao, J., Guo, X., Song, C. (2019). Use of CO2 as Source of Carbon for Energy-Rich Cn Products. In: Aresta, M., Karimi, I., Kawi, S. (eds) An Economy Based on Carbon Dioxide and Water. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15868-2_6

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