A Functional Overview

Abstract

This chapter reviews and analyzes the most relevant ecological aspects that characterize the Mar Chiquita wetland. This analysis also raises questions that may motivate further research. The following topics are included: (a) the hydrological and ecological implications of the geographic location of Mar Chiquita in a semi-humid region, which contrasts with the usually arid or even desertic situation in most salt lakes; (b) the structural complexity and dimension of the Mar Chiquita intermingled lake and wetland geographic setting and the resulting flow of water, nutrients, and living organisms, particularly fish and bird species; (c) the importance of the annual flood and fires as key drivers of the Mar Chiquita ecosystem; (d) the importance of salinity as a primary factor controlling the biodiversity and functionality of Mar Chiquita, as evidenced during the marked variation observed along the last 50 years; and (e) the possible influence of the Mar Chiquita wetland on the local climate.