Abstract
Gait analysis is one of the most useful tools for assessing age-related conditions. This study describes the preliminary validation of a novel vision-based method for unobtrusive, ambulatory monitoring of spatiotemporal gait parameters. The method uses a mobile platform that is equipped with a Microsoft Kinect. A proprietary, generative tracker is used for measuring the 3D segmental movement of the subject. A novel method was developed for extracting gait parameters from the raw joint measurements by using the relative distance between the two ankle joints. The results are assessed in terms of mean absolute error and mean absolute percentage error with respect to a motion capture system. The mean absolute error ± precision was 5.5 ± 3.5 cm for stride length, 1.7 ± 1.3 cm for step width, 0.93 ± 0.44 steps/min for cadence, and 2.5 ± 2.0% for single limb support. While these results are promising, additional experiments are required to assess the repeatability of this approach.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
United Nations, World population ageing 2015 (ST/ESA/SER.A/390). Technical Report 1, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015)
Nimmesgern, E., Benediktsson, I., Norstedt, I.: Clin. Transl. Sci. 10(2), 61 (2017)
G.S. of the Council to Delegations, Council Conclusions (2015)
European Commission, Research and Innovation. Conferences and Events: Personalised Medicine Conference 2016 (2016)
Bemelmans, R., Gelderblom, G.J., Jonker, P., de Witte, L.: J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. 13(2), 114 (2012)
Wada, K., Shibata, T., Saito, T., Tanie, K.: Proc. IEEE 92(11), 1780 (2004)
Gaugler, J.E., Yu, F., Krichbaum, K., Wyman, J.F.: Med. Care 47(2), 191 (2009)
Valkanova, V., Ebmeier, K.P.: Gait Posture 53, 215 (2017)
Salarian, A., et al.: IEEE Trans Biomed. Eng. 51(8), 1434 (2004)
Viswanathan, A., Sudarsky, L.: Handb. Clin. Neurol. 103, 623 (2012)
Moore, S.T., Dilda, V., Hakim, B., Macdougall, H.G.: Biomed. Eng. Online 10, 82 (2011)
Fahn, S.: Recent Developments in Parkinson’s Disease, vol. 2, p. 153 (1987)
Ijmker, T., Lamoth, C.J.C.: Gait Posture 35(1), 126 (2012)
Del Din, S., Godfrey, A., Galna, B., Lord, S., Rochester, L.: J. Neuroeng. Rehabil. 13(1), 46 (2016)
DeLisa, J.A.: Gait Analysis in the Science of Rehabilitation. DIANE Publishing, Darby (1998)
Mündermann, L., Corazza, S., Andriacchi, T.P.: J. Neuroeng. Rehabil. 3, 6 (2006)
Ceseracciu, E., Sawacha, Z., Cobelli, C.: PLoS One 9(3), e87640 (2014)
Muro-de-la Herran, A., García-Zapirain, B., Méndez-Zorrilla, A.: Gait analysis methods: an overview of wearable and non-wearable systems, highlighting clinical applications (2014)
Tao, W., Liu, T., Zheng, R., Feng, H.: Sensors 12(2), 2255 (2012)
Razak, A.H.A., Zayegh, A., Begg, R.K., Wahab, Y.: Sensors 12(7), 9884 (2012)
Toro, B., Nester, C., Farren, P.: Physiother. Theory Pract. 19(3), 137 (2003)
Fahrenberg, J.: Ambulatory Assessment: Computer-Assisted Psychological and Psychophysiological Methods in Monitoring and Field Studies, pp. 3–20 (1996)
Marey, E.J.: La méthode graphique dans les sciences expérimentales et principalement en physiologie et en médecine. G. Masson (1878)
Hausdorff, J.M., Ladin, Z., Wei, J.Y.: J. Biomech. 28(3), 347 (1995)
Jagos, H., et al.: J. Med. Eng. Technol. 41(5), 375 (2017)
Zeni Jr., J.A., Richards, J.G., Higginson, J.S.: Gait Posture 27(4), 710 (2008)
Rueterbories, J., Spaich, E.G., Larsen, B., Andersen, O.K.: Med. Eng. Phys. 32(6), 545 (2010)
Myles, C.M., Rowe, P.J., Walker, C.R.C., Nutton, R.W.: Gait Posture 16(1), 46 (2002)
Senden, R., Grimm, B., Heyligers, I.C., Savelberg, H.H.C.M., Meijer, K.: Gait Posture 30(2), 192 (2009)
Aminian, K., et al.: Gait Posture 20(1), 102 (2004)
Yang, C.C., Hsu, Y.L.: Sensors 10(8), 7772 (2010)
Demiris, G., et al.: Med. Inform. Internet Med. 29(2), 87 (2004)
Baldewijns, G., et al.: J. Ambient. Intell. Smart Environ. 8(3), 273 (2016). https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/427059/Paper_publish.pdf [Available for KU Leuven users]
Goffredo, M., Carter, J.N., Nixon, M.S.: 2D markerless gait analysis. In: Vander, S.J., Verdonck, P., Nyssen, M., Haueisen, J. (eds.) 4th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering. IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 22, pp. 67–71. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89208-3_18
Castelli, A., Paolini, G., Cereatti, A., Della Croce, U.: Comput. Math. Methods Med. 2015, 186780 (2015)
PrimeSense Inc.: Prime Sensor\({}^{{TM}}\) NITE 1.3 Algorithms notes (2010). http://pr.cs.cornell.edu/humanactivities/data/NITE.pdf. Accessed 07 June 2018
Shotton, J., et al.: IEEE Trans Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 35(12), 2821 (2013)
Zhang,X., Hu, W., Maybank, S., Li, X., Zhu, M.: 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1–8 (2008)
Supancic, J.S., Rogez, G., Yang, Y., Shotton, J., Ramanan, D.: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp. 1868–1876 (2015)
Springer, S., Yogev Seligmann, G.: Sensors 16(2), 194 (2016)
Amsters, R., et al.: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health, pp. 49–61. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications (2018)
OpenNI Organization: OpenNI User Guide (2010). https://github.com/OpenNI/OpenNI/blob/master/Documentation/OpenNI_UserGuide.pdf. Accessed 07 June 2018
Foote, T.: 2013 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA), Open-Source Software workshop, pp. 1–6 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2013.6556373
Thrun, S., Burgard, W., Fox, D.: Probabilistic Robotics (Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents). The MIT Press, Cambridge (2005)
Baldewijns, G., Verheyden, G., Vanrumste, B., Croonenborghs, T.: Proceedings Conference of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, p. 5920 (2014)
Bohannon, R.W.: Age Ageing 26(1), 15 (1997)
Altman, D.G., Bland, J.M.: J. R. Stat. Society. Ser. D ( Stat.) 32(3), 307 (1983)
Julier, S.J., Uhlmann, J.K.: Signal Processing, Sensor Fusion, and Target Recognition VI, vol. 3068, pp. 182–194. International Society for Optics and Photonics (1997)
Charalambous, C.P.: Measurement of lower extremity kinematics during level walking. In: Banaszkiewicz, P.A., Kader, D.F. (eds.) Classic Papers Orthopaedics, pp. 397–398. Springer, London (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5451-8_100
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank MALL (Movements posture & Analysis Laboratory Leuven) of the Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences Leuven for providing the facility equipped with a VICON motion capture system in order to validate the proposed platform. Robin Amsters is an SB fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) under grant agreement 1S57718N.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Filtjens, B. et al. (2019). Vision-Based Marker-Less Spatiotemporal Gait Analysis by Using a Mobile Platform: Preliminary Validation. In: Bamidis, P., Ziefle, M., Maciaszek, L. (eds) Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health. ICT4AWE 2018. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 982. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15736-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15736-4_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-15735-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-15736-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)