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Medical Management of Uric Acid Stones

  • Shimontini MitraEmail author
  • Robert A. Cohen
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Nutrition and Health book series (NH)

Abstract

Uric acid stones, the second most common type of kidney stones, are associated with significant morbidity. Risk factors include low urine volume, increased uric acid production or excretion, a high-purine diet, and acidic urinary pH. Dietary recommendations to prevent uric acid stones include increasing fluids to produce greater than 2 liters of urine a day and a reduction of animal protein and alcohol. The last two measures decrease uric acid production. Observational data suggest dietary fructose reduction confers benefit. A vegetarian, low sodium diet, rich in citrate containing foods may be most beneficial. Pharmacologic approaches include oral citrate or bicarbonate therapy to increase urinary pH or xanthine oxidase inhibitors to decrease uric acid production.

Keywords

Uric acid Urolithiasis Urate Alkalinization Hyperuricemia 
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Nephrology Division, Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA

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