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Evaluation and Management of Pediatric Nephrolithiasis

  • Michelle A. BaumEmail author
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Nutrition and Health book series (NH)

Abstract

The incidence of nephrolithiasis in pediatrics is increasing. All children with nephrolithiasis should have a complete metabolic evaluation on initial presentation, as a metabolic risk factor may be found in the majority of children. Careful consideration in pediatric nephrolithiasis of rare genetic causes of kidney stones disease should be at the forefront of the evaluation, as many of these disorders present in childhood and are associated with a lifetime of morbidities related to nephrolithiasis as well as the risk for development of chronic kidney disease. Treatment of the underlying metabolic risk factors helps prevent further stone formation and the morbidities associated with stone formation, such as pain, surgery, and chronic kidney disease.

Keywords

Pediatric Nephrolithiasis Primary hyperoxaluria Dent disease Cystinuria Genetics 
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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Pediatric NephrologyBoston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA

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