Abstract
Soil microorganisms play a vital role in soil functions influencing the biogeochemical cycle, soil fertility, plant health, and aboveground ecosystems. The soil harbours more diverse communities of microorganisms than any other environmental component. We have a narrow understanding of how microbial diversity regulates soil functioning and in turn affects ecosystem sustainability. Studies of soil microorganism-mediated processes responsible for soil functions have largely been neglected. With increasing pressure on soils to meet the demands of the rapidly increasing human population for food, fodder, fibre, biofuel, timber, clean water, etc., it is imperative that research in soil microbiology focuses on the structure and functions of the soil microorganisms to delineate microbe-mediated soil processes and optimise them for enhanced production and better soil function. Moreover, soil also acts as a reservoir of carbon because its soil carbon sequestration potential helps in reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. However, it is believed that warming climate conditions in the changing climate can negatively affect the carbon sequestration potential and other functions of the soil. To negate the climate impacts arising from increased CO2 emissions from the soil, it is essential that we have a deep understanding of the processes of soil carbon storage. As the microbial activities in the soil largely regulate its functions, including soil carbon sequestration, it is important to gain deeper insights into the soil microbial world to address the issues of climate change and food security.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abhilash PC, Dubey RK (2014) Integrating aboveground–belowground responses to climate change. Curr Sci 1637:12
Abhilash PC, Dubey RK, Tripathi V, Srivastava P, Verma JP, Singh HB (2013a) Adaptive soil management. Curr Sci 104:1275–1276
Abhilash PC, Tripathi V, Dubey RK, Edrisi SA (2015) Coping with changes: adaptation of trees in a changing environment. Trends Plant Sci 20:137–138
Abhilash PC, Dubey RK, Tripathi V, Gupta VK, Singh HB (2016a) Plant growth-promoting microorganisms for environmental sustainability. Trends Biotechnol 34:847–850
Adesemoye AO, Kloepper JW (2009) Plant–microbes interactions in enhanced fertilizer-use efficiency. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 85:1–12
Akinsemolu AA (2018) The role of microorganisms in achieving the sustainable development Goals. J Clean Prod 182:139–155
Amico SD, Collins T, Marx J-C, Feller G, Gerday C (2006) Psychrophilic microorganisms: challenges for life. EMBO Rep 7:385–389
Berg G, Raaijmakers JM (2018) Saving seed microbiomes. ISME J 12:1167–1170
Canfield DE, Glazer AN, Falkowski PG (2010) The evolution and future of Earth’s nitrogen cycle. Science 330:192–196
Dubey RK, Tripathi V, Abhilash PC (2015) Book Review: Principles of plant-microbe interactions: microbes for sustainable agriculture. Front Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00986
Dubey RK, Tripathi V, Dubey PK, Singh HB, Abhilash PC (2016b) Exploring rhizospheric interactions for agricultural sustainability: the need of integrative research on multi-trophic interactions. J Clean Prod 115:362–365
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2013) Climate smart agriculture sourcebook. FAO
He Z, Piceno Y, Deng Y, Xu M, Lu Z, DeSantis T, Andersen G, Sarah E, Hobbie SE, Reich PB, Zhou J (2012) The phylogenetic composition and structure of soil microbial communities shifts in response to elevated carbon dioxide. ISME J 6:259–272
Jansson JK (2013) The life beneath our feet. Nature 494:40
Pointing SB, Belnap J (2012) Microbial colonization and controls in dryland systems. Nat Rev Microbiol 10:551–562
Pointing SB, Chana Y, Lacapa DC, Laua MCY, Jurgens JA, Farrell RL (2010) Highly specialized microbial diversity in hyper-arid polar desert. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107:1254–1254
Power AG (2010) Ecosystem services and agriculture: tradeoffs and synergies. Philos Trans R Soc 365:2959–2971
Roesch LF, Fulthorpe RR, Riva A, Casella G, Hadwin AK, Kent AD, Daroub SH, Camargo FA, Farmerie WG, Triplett EW (2007) Pyrosequencing enumerates and contrasts soil microbial diversity. ISME J 1:283–290
Rothschild LJ, Mancinelli RL (2001) Review article life in extreme environments. Nature 409:1092–1101
Singh BK, Trivedi P (2017) Microbiome and the future for food and nutrient security. Microb Biotechnol 10:50–53
Singh BK, Campbell CD, Sorenson SJ, Zhou J (2009) Soil genomics. Nat Rev Microbiol 7:756. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2119-c1
Singh A, Dubey PK, Chaurasiya R, Mathur N, Kumar G, Bharati S, Abhilash PC (2018) Indian spinach: an underutilized perennial leafy vegetable for nutritional security in developing world. Energ Ecol Environ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40974-018-0091-1
Torsvik V, Ovreas L (2002) Microbial diversity and function in soil: from genes to ecosystems. Curr Opin Microbiol 5:240–245
Tripathi V, Abhilash PC, Singh HB, Singh N, Patra DD (2015a) Effect of temperature variation on lindane dissipation and microbial activity in soil. Ecol Eng 79:54–59
Tripathi V, Fraceto LF, Abhilash PC (2015b) Sustainable clean-up technologies for soils contaminated with multiple pollutants: plant-microbe-pollutant and climate nexus. Ecol Eng 82:330–335
Tripathi V, Edrisi SA, Abhilash PC (2016a) Towards the coupling of phytoremediation with bioenergy production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 57:1386–1389
Tripathi V, Edrisi SA, O’Donovan A, Gupta VK, Abhilash PC (2016b) Bioremediation for fueling the biobased economy. Trends Biotechnol 34:775–777
van der Heijden MGA, Bardgett RD, van Straalen NM (2008) The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett 11:296–310
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dubey, R.K. et al. (2020). Introduction. In: Unravelling the Soil Microbiome. SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15516-2_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15516-2_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-15515-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-15516-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)