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Management of Fungal Diseases on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Crops in Greenhouses Using Bacillus subtilis

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Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology: Phytostimulation and Biocontrol

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis is a potential biocontrol agent for management of fungal diseases on greenhouse crops. Colonization of plant roots by B. subtilis enhances growth and reduces disease incidence and severity to minimize yield losses and improve quality. The mechanisms through which B. subtilis may contribute to control of fungal diseases include competition with other microbes, production of inhibitory chemicals, and induction of plant resistance. Specific strains of B. subtilis exhibit strong antagonistic activity against mycelial growth of different fungal pathogens through antibiotic production. The effectiveness of B. subtilis strain QST 713 against several important diseases of cucumber and tomato grown under greenhouse conditions was assessed. The major diseases on cucumber are Pythium crown and root rot (Pythium aphanidermatum), Fusarium root and stem rot (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum), gummy stem blight (Didymella bryoniae, anamorph Phoma cucurbitacearum), and powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii). On greenhouse tomatoes, the most important diseases are gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), Pythium damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), and powdery mildew (Oidium neolycopersici). Applications of B. subtilis made on cucumber and tomato plants before or after the onset of pathogen inoculation demonstrated efficacy against various diseases. The potential for broad-spectrum activity against different pathogens on these crops is demonstrated.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada

    Li Ni & Zamir K. Punja

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Correspondence to Zamir K. Punja .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh

    Md Tofazzal Islam

  2. West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    M. Mahfuz Rahman

  3. Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India

    Piyush Pandey

  4. Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Michael Henry Boehme

  5. Department of Applied Biosciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Geert Haesaert

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Ni, L., Punja, Z.K. (2019). Management of Fungal Diseases on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Crops in Greenhouses Using Bacillus subtilis. In: Islam, M., Rahman, M., Pandey, P., Boehme, M., Haesaert, G. (eds) Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology: Phytostimulation and Biocontrol. Bacilli in Climate Resilient Agriculture and Bioprospecting. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15175-1_1

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