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Voice Processing and Voice-Identity Recognition

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Book cover Timbre: Acoustics, Perception, and Cognition

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook of Auditory Research ((SHAR,volume 69))

Abstract

The human voice is the most important sound source in our environment, not only because it produces speech, but also because it conveys information about the speaker. In many situations, listeners understand the speech message and recognize the speaker with minimal effort. Psychophysical studies have investigated which voice qualities (such as vocal timbre) distinguish speakers and allow listeners to recognize speakers. Glottal and vocal tract characteristics strongly influence perceived similarity between speakers and serve as cues for voice-identity recognition. However, the importance of a particular voice quality for voice-identity recognition depends on the speaker and the stimulus. Voice-identity recognition relies on a network of brain regions comprising a core system of auditory regions within the temporal lobe (including regions dedicated to processing glottal and vocal tract characteristics and regions that play more abstract roles) and an extended system of nonauditory regions representing information associated with specific voice identities (e.g., faces and names). This brain network is supported by early, direct connections between the core voice system and an analogous core face system. Precisely how all these brain regions work together to accomplish voice-identity recognition remains an open question; answering it will require rigorous testing of hypotheses derived from theoretical accounts of voice processing.

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Abbreviations

a:

anterior

BOLD:

blood-oxygen-level-dependent

d:

distance measure

FFA:

fusiform face area

fMRI:

functional magnetic resonance imaging

FRU:

facial recognition units

GPR:

glottal-pulse rate

HG:

Hechl’s gyrus

HNR:

harmonics-to-noise ratio

IFG:

inferior frontal gyrus

IPL:

inferior parietal lobe

JND:

just noticeable difference

M:

middle

MEG:

magnetoencephalography

P:

posterior

PIN:

person-identity nodes

PT:

planum temporale

STG:

superior temporal gyrus

STS:

superior temporal sulcus

Th:

perceptual threshold

TVA:

temporal voice areas

VLPFC:

ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

VRU:

voice recognition units

VTL:

vocal-tract length

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurocognition, Neurocomputation and Neurogenetics Division, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Samuel Robert Mathias

  2. Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Katharina von Kriegstein

  3. Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany

    Katharina von Kriegstein

Authors
  1. Samuel Robert Mathias
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Correspondence to Samuel Robert Mathias .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Physics and Acoustics, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany

    Kai Siedenburg

  2. Audio Communication Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Charalampos Saitis

  3. Schulich School of Music, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Stephen McAdams

  4. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, Collage Park, MD, USA

    Arthur N. Popper

  5. Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Richard R. Fay

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Samuel Robert Mathias declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Katharina von Kriegstein declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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Mathias, S.R., von Kriegstein, K. (2019). Voice Processing and Voice-Identity Recognition. In: Siedenburg, K., Saitis, C., McAdams, S., Popper, A., Fay, R. (eds) Timbre: Acoustics, Perception, and Cognition. Springer Handbook of Auditory Research, vol 69. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14832-4_7

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