Mitral Valve Surgery for Congenital Anomalies and Degenerative Diseases

Abstract

The majority of congenital heart abnormalities of the mitral valve that require surgery in adulthood are regurgitant lesions. Congenital mitral stenosis that requires treatment in adulthood is often in the setting of the Shone complex or rheumatic valve disease and occasionally atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). A brief summary of the regurgitant and stenotic lesions associated with congenital heart disease is given below. While this valve may be more accurately referred to as the left atrioventricular valve in many circumstances, particularly in the setting of AVSD, the term mitral is used to simplify the prose throughout these sections. In addition, while the term zone of apposition is more accurate anatomically, the term cleft is often used throughout this (and the AVSD) section.

Figure Credits

• Figs. 15.1, 15.24, 15.25: Mainwaring RD, Lamberti JJ. Congenital anomalies of the mitral valve. In: Mavroudis C, Backer C, editors. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 4th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell; 2013. p. 640–58 (Reproduced by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

• Figs. 15.3, 15.7–15.12, 15.14–15.17: Zias EA, Mavroudis C, Backer CL, Kohr LM, Gotteiner NL, Rocchini AP. Surgical repair of the congenitally malformed mitral valve in infants and children. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;66:1551–9 (Reproduced with permission from Elsevier and Society for Thoracic Surgeons)

• Figs. 15.4–15.6, 15.26: Mavroudis C. Mitral valve repairs. In: Mavroudis C, Backer CL, editors. Atlas of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery. London: Springer-Verlag; 2015. p. 311–24 (Reproduced with permission from Springer Nature)