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Commercial Potential of Phycoremediation of Wastewater: A Way Forward

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Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Wastewaters are a significant source of organic matter; however, they also contain some inorganic and non-biodegradable substances like oil, heavy metals, and other toxic chemicals. The methods which are conventionally used for the treatment primarily require huge land and energy and high operating costs. Phycoremediation is an alternative treatment approach which on one hand removes pollutants, like nitrate, phosphate, heavy metals, and other harmful chemicals; on the other hand, harvested microalgae can be used to produce various value-added products and energy. However, many conceptual, technological, and policy-related hurdles are to be crossed to make this technology economically viable and industrially sustainable. This chapter investigates the commercial potential of phycoremediation technology for wastewater treatment and its end products for various applications. This chapter also reviews various hindrances in the commercial application of the technology.

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Abbreviations

ATS:

Algal Turf Scrubber

BGA:

Blue-green algae

EU:

European Union

GoI:

Govt. of India

HM:

Heavy metals

HRAP:

High-rate algal ponds

HTL:

Hydrothermal liquefaction

LED:

Light-emitting diode

MFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

NPs:

Nanoparticles

SFA:

Saturated fatty acids

SIO:

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Muscat, Muscat, Oman

    Sudheer Kumar Shukla

  2. School of Energy and Environmental Studies, Devi Ahilya Vishwa Vidyalaya, Indore, India

    Prerana Pandey

  3. Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Keunje Yoo

Authors
  1. Sudheer Kumar Shukla
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  2. Prerana Pandey
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  3. Keunje Yoo
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Correspondence to Sudheer Kumar Shukla .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology – Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sanjay Kumar Gupta

  2. Institute for Water and Wastewater Technologies, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa

    Faizal Bux

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Shukla, S.K., Pandey, P., Yoo, K. (2019). Commercial Potential of Phycoremediation of Wastewater: A Way Forward. In: Gupta, S., Bux, F. (eds) Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13909-4_10

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