Abstract
Companies are looking for innovative management paradigms to support their cost and time reduction efforts to increase the efficiency of their processes. The Lean paradigm has great relevance in the companies’ need to reduce waste, particularly in manufacturing companies. On the other hand, waste reduction in companies has gained a new dimension not only at the economic level but also at the environmental level with the introduction of the Green paradigm. As such, manufacturing companies have been adopting management practices to reduce the impact of their activities on the environment and/or increase the efficiency of their processes. The present chapter proposes two indexes, the Lean Index and the Green Index, to enable the measurement of the performance of Portuguese manufacturing companies relating to the implementation of Lean and Green practices. The data used to create the Lean and Green indexes were obtained from the implementation of the European Manufacturing Survey 2012 in Portugal. The survey questions related to the implementation of Lean and Green practices are used as variables in the development of the model for the two indexes. For the construction of representative expressions of Lean Index and Green Indexes, factorial analysis was applied for assigning the variables, weights and aggregation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abdi, H., & Williams, L. J. (2010). Principal component analysis. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational. Statistics, 2(4), 433–459.
Asefeso, A. (2013). Green manufacturing: Paradigm shift to sustainable capitalism. Wiltshire: AA Global Sourcing Ltd.
Azevedo, S. G., Carvalho, H., Duarte, S., & Cruz-Machado, V. (2012). Influence of green and lean upstream supply chain management practices on business sustainability. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 59(4), 753–765.
Azevedo, S. G., Govindan, K., Carvalho, H., & Cruz-Machado, V. (2013). Ecosilient index to assess the greenness and resilience of the upstream automotive supply chain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56, 131–146.
Chuang, S.-P., & Yang, C.-L. (2014). Key success factors when implementing a green-manufacturing system. Production Planning & Control, 25(11), 923–937.
Deif, A. M. (2011). A system model for green manufacturing. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(14), 1553–1559.
Dennis, P. (2007). Lean Production simplified: A plain-language guide to the world’s most powerful production system. New York: Productivity Press.
Dornfeld, D., Yuan, C., Diaz, N., Zhang, T., & Vijayaraghavan, A. (2013). Green manufacturing: Fundamentals and applications. New York: Springer.
Dües, C. M., Tan, K. H., & Lim, M. (2013). Green as the new lean: How to use lean practices as a catalyst to greening your supply chain. Journal of Cleaner Production, 40, 93–100.
EMS. (2012). Retrieved July 1, 2018, from http://www.unidemi.com/ems/?q=node/19.
Feeny, S., & Rogers, M. (2003). Innovation and performance: Benchmarking Australian firms. The Australian Economic Review, 36(3), 253–264.
Feld, W. M. (2001). Lean manufacturing: Tools, techniques, and how to use them. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. London: Sage.
Garza-Reyes, J. A. (2015). Lean and green—A systematic review of the state of the art literature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 102, 18–29.
Govindan, K., Azevedo, S. G., Carvalho, H., & Cruz-Machado, V. (2014). Impact of supply chain management practices on sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 85, 212–225.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1990). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc.
Hines, P., Holweg, M., & Rich, N. (2004). Learning to evolve: A review of contemporary lean thinking. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 24(10), 994–1011.
Jolliffe, I. T. (2002). Principal component analaysis (2nd ed.). Aberdeen: Springer.
Kaiser, H. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36.
Kumar, B. S., & Abuthakeer, S. S. (2012). Implementation of lean tools and techniques in an automotive industry. Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(10), 1032–1037.
Kurdve, M., Zackrisson, M., Wiktorsson, M., & Harlin, U. (2014). Lean and green integration into production system models—Experiences from Swedish industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 85, 180–190.
Lau, K. H. (2011). Benchmarking green logistics performance with a composite index. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 18(6), 873–896.
Lewis, M. A. (2000). Lean production and sustainable competitive advantage. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 20(8), 959–978.
Li, J., Morrison, J. R., Zhang, M. T., Najano, M., Biller, S., & Lennartson, B. (2013). Automation in green manufacturing. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 10(1), 1–4.
Marodin, G. A., & Saurin, T. A. (2013). Implementing lean production systems: Research areas and opportunities for future studies. International Journal of Production Research, 51(22), 6663–6680.
Nardo, M., Saisana, M., Saltelli, A., Tarantola, S., Hoffmann, A., & Giovannini, E. (2008). Handbook on constructing composite indicators: Methodology and user guide. OECD Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/publishing/corrigenda.
Neelis, M., Ramirez-Ramirez, A., Patel, M., Farla, J., Boonekamp, P., & Blok, K. (2007). Energy efficiency developments in the Dutch energy-intensive manufacturing industry, 1980–2003. Energy Policy, 35, 6112–6131.
Pampanelli, A. B., Found, P., & Bernardes, A. M. (2014). A lean & green model for a production cell. Journal of Cleaner Production, 85, 19–30.
Paul, I. D., Bhole, G. P., & Chaudhari, J. R. (2014). A review on green manufacturing: It’s important, methodology and its application. Procedia Materials Science, 6, 1644–1649.
Pestana, M. H., & Gageiro, J. N. (2005). Análise de dados para ciências sociais - A complementaridade do SPSS (4th ed.). Lisboa: Edições Sílabo, LDA.
Petroni, A., & Braglia, M. (2000). Vendor selection using principal component analysis. The Journal of Supply Chain Management, 36(2), 63–69.
Pettersen, J. (2009). Defining lean production: Some conceptual and practical issues. The TQM Journal, 21(2), 127–142.
Piercy, N., & Rich, N. (2015). The relationship between lean operations and sustainable operations. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 35(2), 282–315.
Saisana, M., &Tarantola, S. (2002). State-of-the-art report on current methodologies and practices for composite indicator development. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy, EUR 20408 EN. Retrieved from http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/state-of-the-art-report-on-current-methodologies-and-practices-for-composite-indicator-development-pbEUNA20408/%2520.
Shah, R., & Ward, P. T. (2003). Lean manufacturing: Context, practice bundles, and performance. Journal of Operations Management, 21, 129–149.
Shrivastava, S., & Shrivastava, R. L. (2017). A systematic literature review on green manufacturing concepts in cement industries. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 34(1), 68–90.
Sundar, R., Balaji, A. N., & Kumar, R. M. (2014). A review on lean manufacturing implementation techniques. Procedia Engineering, 97, 1875–1885.
UN General Assembly. (2015, October 21). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. A/RES/70/1, Retrieved October 1, 2018, from http://www.refworld.org/docid/57b6e3e44.html.
Yang, M. G., Hong, P., & Modi, S. B. (2011). Impact of lean manufacturing and environmental management on business performance: An empirical study of manufacturing firms. International Journal of Production Economics, 129(2), 251–261.
Zimper, S. (2013). Alignment of process, product and organisational innovations in the manufacturing industry. Master’s thesis, Vienna University of Technology, Austria.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Engenharia Mecânica e Industrial for its support (UNIDEMI—UID/EMS/0067/2019).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Carvalho, H., Machado, V.H., Barroso, A.P., de Almeida, D., Cruz-Machado, V. (2019). Using Lean and Green Indexes to Measure Companies’ Performance. In: Alves, A., Kahlen, FJ., Flumerfelt, S., Siriban-Manalang, A. (eds) Lean Engineering for Global Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13515-7_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13515-7_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-13514-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-13515-7
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)