Abstract
Two crucial points of reference for Turkish Cypriots are identified, allowing a comparative assessment to be undertaken. First, the north’s position in relation to the development of the Republic of Cyprus is examined post 1974 and, second, the north’s relationship with Turkey is examined also post 1974. Appreciation of these two contending development trajectories or models is necessary to understand the governance regimes which emerged in the north.
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Notes
- 1.
Strong (1999), p. 63.
- 2.
Paxton (1978), p. 376.
- 3.
Ekici and Caner (2016), Table 2.4.
- 4.
Syrichas et al. (2012), Chart 1.6, p. 15.
- 5.
Ibid., p. 17.
- 6.
Strong (1999), p. 247.
- 7.
These investments were a cement factory, a bank, a plastic and a metal pipe factory and a mining company (Strong, p. 253).
- 8.
TEPAV (2014) (in Turkish) has a comprehensive overview.
- 9.
Strong includes some discussion of this Bank’s contribution to the economic development (pp. 262–270).
- 10.
Strong (1999), p. 78.
- 11.
Ibid., p. 79.
- 12.
Ibid., p. 81, Fig 2.9.
- 13.
Ibid., p. 83, Fig 2.11.
- 14.
Ibid., p. 90, Fig 2.16.
- 15.
Ibid., p. 113.
- 16.
Ibid., p. 108.
- 17.
Syrichas et al. (2012).
- 18.
Ibid., pp. 28–29.
- 19.
This does not mean that the economic development stopped significantly, but rather there were other economic problems (e.g., global economic crisis that began in 2008, financial crisis in Cyprus) that derailed the economic trajectory of Cyprus.
- 20.
The earliest available for north are from 1977.
- 21.
Other financial aid was the humanitarian aid by United Nations and the USA. In 1978, the state hospital was constructed with the financial assistance from Turkey. The equipment to be used in this hospital was donated by the USA and UNHCR in the amount of 463.2 million Cyprus pounds, and $900,000 worth of other projects were ongoing. Other help in the form of technical assistance or training scholarship was also awarded to the Turkish Cypriots by the international actors (TFSC, Ministry of Health and Social Services, 1979 Activities Report, p. 77).
- 22.
Ismail (2001).
- 23.
Lacher and Kaymak (2005), p. 156.
- 24.
Ibid., footnote 27.
- 25.
Sonan (2007), p. 8.
- 26.
Ibid., p. 12.
- 27.
Ibid., p. 14.
- 28.
TRNC Parliament Reports, 31 January 1997a.
- 29.
- 30.
See, for example, Ohlin (1966).
- 31.
Republic of Turkey, National Security Council, Proceedings Report, Volume 7, Session 110, 1 July 1982, pp. 143–145.
- 32.
Sonay Adem (CTP ) claimed that there was a meeting held at Turkish President’s Chambers on 1 February 1990 (participants included Turkish president, foreign minister, state minister, Turkish ambassador in Nicosia and commander of Turkish Army) to discuss how to interfere in the 1990 elections in TRNC to make sure Denktaş and UBP win (TRNC Parliament Proceedings, 24 October 1997b, p. 440).
- 33.
Economic Collaboration Agreement between TRNC-TR [KKTC-TC Arasinda Ekonomi İşbirliği Protokolu], 5 December 1986.
- 34.
TRNC Parliament Proceedings, 22 December 1986, p. 2400.
- 35.
Ibid., p. 2413.
- 36.
Ibid., p. 2467.
- 37.
Granger causality is a statistical test for determining if there is a statistical relationship between two time-series variables that can be used to forecast each other (Granger 1969).
- 38.
US Cable (2009).
- 39.
There was a change of government and the establishment of this office is currently put on hold. However, the interference of Turkey in north Cyprus’ political, social and cultural life continues.
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Ekici, T. (2019). From Separation to Convergence: The Economic Development of the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkification of Northern Cyprus. In: The Political and Economic History of North Cyprus. Palgrave Studies in Economic History. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13479-2_4
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