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Yeast at the Forefront of Research on Ageing and Age-Related Diseases

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Yeasts in Biotechnology and Human Health

Part of the book series: Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology ((PMSB,volume 58))

Abstract

Ageing is a complex and multifactorial process driven by genetic, environmental and stochastic factors that lead to the progressive decline of biological systems. Mechanisms of ageing have been extensively investigated in various model organisms and systems generating fundamental advances. Notably, studies on yeast ageing models have made numerous and relevant contributions to the progress in the field. Different longevity factors and pathways identified in yeast have then been shown to regulate molecular ageing in invertebrate and mammalian models. Currently the best candidates for anti-ageing drugs such as spermidine and resveratrol or anti-ageing interventions such as caloric restriction were first identified and explored in yeast. Yeasts have also been instrumental as models to study the cellular and molecular effects of proteins associated with age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s, Huntington’s or Alzheimer’s diseases. In this chapter, a review of the advances on ageing and age-related diseases research in yeast models will be made. Particular focus will be placed on key longevity factors, ageing hallmarks and interventions that slow ageing, both yeast-specific and those that seem to be conserved in multicellular organisms. Their impact on the pathogenesis of age-related diseases will be also discussed.

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Abbreviations

aSyn:

Alpha-synuclein

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

Aβ:

Amyloid-β

AMPK:

AMP-activated protein kinase

ATG:

Autophagy gene

CLS:

Chronological life span

CORE:

Cross-organelle stress response

CR:

Caloric restriction

DDR:

DNA damage responses

ERCs:

Extrachromosomal rDNA circles

HD:

Huntington’s disease

Htt:

Huntingtin

IPOD:

Insoluble protein deposit

INQ:

Intranuclear quality control compartment

GTA:

Genotoxin-induced targeted autophagy

JUNQ:

Juxta nuclear quality control site

NQ:

Non-quiescent

OXPHOS:

Oxidative phosphorylation

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

PAS:

Phagophore assembly site

PKA:

Protein kinase A

Pho85:

Phosphate metabolism protein 85

PolyQ:

Polyglutamine

Q:

Quiescent

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RLS:

Replicative life span

RNR:

Ribonucleotide reductase

Snf1:

Sucrose non-fermenting protein 1

TOR:

Target of rapamycin

TORC1:

Target of rapamycin complex 1

UPS:

Ubiquitin proteasome system

VPS:

Vacuolar protein sorting

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    Belém Sampaio-Marques & Paula Ludovico

  2. ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal

    Belém Sampaio-Marques & Paula Ludovico

  3. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14263, USA

    William C. Burhans

Authors
  1. Belém Sampaio-Marques
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  2. William C. Burhans
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  3. Paula Ludovico
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Correspondence to Paula Ludovico .

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  1. Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB) and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal

    Isabel Sá-Correia

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Sampaio-Marques, B., Burhans, W.C., Ludovico, P. (2019). Yeast at the Forefront of Research on Ageing and Age-Related Diseases. In: Sá-Correia, I. (eds) Yeasts in Biotechnology and Human Health. Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol 58. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13035-0_9

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