Abstract
This chapter studies the role of information and communication technologies in the diffusion of exchange-traded funds in the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. It investigates two processes with the potentially profound impact on the local economies: development of the ETFs markets and deployment of ICT. The chapter begins with the brief discussion of the basic evidence on the turnover of ETFs in the annual perspective. The next part of the chapter presents the evidence on the relationship between ETFs and ICT on the regional level. Analysis starts with the discussion of the graphical evidence, and, subsequently, estimates of the panel models are examined. It focuses on the relationships between the value of the turnover of ETFs in USD millions (indicator of the absolute development of the ETFs market) and three indicators of ICT adoption: fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, and Internet users per 100 inhabitants. The final part of the chapter covers the country-level linkages between ETFs and ICT, starting with the brief overview of the graphical evidence, followed by the estimates of the country-specific models. In case of each country analysis includes the attributes of the diffusion of ETFs and any other issues that may be identified as being significant for the analyzed relationships (in particular the local fintech industries). The results are presented on the country-by-country basis, and most attention is devoted to the largest ETFs markets in the region. Time period of the analysis in the chapter is 2004–2016.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agrawal, R. (2017). Disruption in banking in emerging market economy: An empirical study of India. Economic Analysis, 50(3–4), 20–31.
Arner, D., Barberis, J., & Buckley, R. (2016). The evolution of FinTech: A new post-crisis paradigm? (p. 62). Sydney: University of New South Wales Law Research Series.
Barberis, J. (2017). The FinTech world is looking fast. In FinTech 2017: China, Asia, and beyond (pp. 16–18). Charlottesville, VA: CFA Institute.
Bok, B. (2018). How is AI shaping wealth management in China? Retrieved October 24, 2018, from https://blogs.thomsonreuters.com/financial-risk/wealth-management-private-banking/ai-wealth-management-china/.
Brown, M., Guin, B., & Kirschenmann, K. (2015). Microfinance banks and financial inclusion. Review of Finance, 20(3), 907–946.
Bruton, G., Khavul, S., Siegel, D., & Wright, M. (2015). New financial alternatives in seeding entrepreneurship: Microfinance, crowdfunding, and peer-to-peer innovations. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(1), 9–26.
Burnmark (2017). Digital wealth.
Cai, S., Lin, X., Xu, D., & Fu, X. (2016). Judging online peer-to-peer lending behavior: A comparison of first-time and repeated borrowing requests. Information & Management, 53(7), 857–867.
Cao, L. (2017). Will P2P disrupt the banks? In FinTech 2017: China, Asia, and beyond (pp. 47–48). Charlottesville, VA: CFA Institute.
Chen, L. (2016). From fintech to finlife: The case of fintech development in China. China Economic Journal, 9(3), 225–239.
Choi, J. -W. (2016). Robo-advisor almost free to be available in Korea next month. Retrieved October 29, 2018, from https://pulsenews.co.kr/view.php?year=2016&no=534157.
Claessens, S., Frost, J., Turner, G., & Zhu, F. (2018). Fintech credit markets around the world: Size, drivers and policy issues. BIS Quarterly Review, 2018, 29–50.
Davis, K., Maddock, R., & Foo, M. (2017). Catching up with Indonesia’s fintech industry. Law and Financial Markets Review, 11(1), 33–40.
DBS Bank (2018). DBS launches Singapore’s first holistic digital financial advisor "Your Financial GPS". Retrieved October 25, 2018, from https://www.dbs.com/newsroom/DBS_launches_Singapore_first_holistic_digital_financial_advisor_Your_Financial_GPS.
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., Ansar, S., & Hess, J. (2018). The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Digital News Asia (2018). Maybank2u introduces digital financial planner for customers. Retrieved October 24, 2018, from https://www.digitalnewsasia.com/business/maybank2u-introduces-digital-financial-planner-customers.
Ding, D., Chong, G., Chuen, D. L. K., & Cheng, T. L. (2017). From ant financial to Alibaba’s rural taobao strategy–How Fintech is transforming social inclusion. In D. L. K. Chen & R. Deng (Eds.), Handbook of Blockchain, digital finance, and inclusion (Vol. 1, pp. 19–35). Cambridge, MA: Academic Press.
EY (2017). EY FinTech Adoption Index 2017: The rapid emergence of FinTech.
Fan, P. S. (2017). Singapore approach to develop and regulate FinTech. In D. L. K. Chen & R. Deng (Eds.), Handbook of Blockchain, digital finance, and inclusion (Vol. 1, pp. 347–357). Cambridge, MA: Academic Press.
Fintech Lab (2017). Money design: The first Robo advisory company in Japan. Retrieved October 25, 2018, from http://fintechlab.pbcsf.tsinghua.edu.cn/english/common/main/newsDetail?id=607.
Fintech News Hong Kong (2017). Social trading poised to take off in Asia. Retrieved October 24, 2018, from http://fintechnews.hk/6674/roboadvisor/social-trading-poised-take-off-asia/.
Fintechnews Singapore (2017). Southeast Asia’s Forex social trading scene. Retrieved October 29, 2018, from http://fintechnews.sg/9602/personalfinance/southeast-asias-forex-social-trading-scene/.
Fong, A. (2015). Regulation of peer-to-peer lending in Hong Kong: State of play. Law and Financial Markets Review, 9(4), 251–259.
ForexNewsNow (2016). What’s fueling social trading in Asia? Retrieved October 24, 2018, from https://www.forexnewsnow.com/top-stories/whats-fueling-social-trading-asia/.
Fulco, M. (2018). Taiwan’s Conservative Fintech Revolution. Retrieved October 20, 2018, from https://topics.amcham.com.tw/2018/04/taiwans-conservative-fintech-revolution/.
Fungáčová, Z., & Weill, L. (2015). Understanding financial inclusion in China. China Economic Review, 34, 196–206.
Garg, S., & Agarwal, P. (2014). Financial inclusion in India–a Review of initiatives and achievements. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 16(6), 52–61.
Gehrke, N. (2018). Japanese FinTechs from A to Z. Retrieved October 25, 2018, from https://medium.com/tokyo-fintech/japanese-fintechs-from-a-to-z-b935a978b90e.
Ghazali, N. H., & Yasuoka, T. (2018). Awareness and perception analysis of small medium enterprise and start-up towards FinTech instruments: Crowdfunding and peer-to-peer lending in Malaysia. International Journal of Finance and Banking Research, 4(1), 13–24.
Gnirck, M., & Visser, G. (2016). Singapore, the FinTech Hub for Southeast Asia. In S. Chishti & J. Barberis (Eds.), The FinTech Book: The financial technology handbook for investors, entrepreneurs and visionaries (pp. 58–60). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Gulamhuseinwala, I., Bull, T., & Lewis, S. (2015). FinTech is gaining traction and young, high-income users are the early adopters. Journal of Financial Perspectives, 3(3), 16–23.
Hallam, A. (2017). Arigato Mr. Roboto – Robo-advisors in Japan. Retrieved October 27, 2018, from https://andrewhallam.com/2016/06/arigato-mr-roboto-robo-advisors-in-japan/.
Hon, T.-Y. (2015). An overview online securities trading service in Hong Kong. Journal of Economics Bibliography, 2(4), 201–207.
Huei, C. T., Cheng, L. S., Seong, L. C., Khin, A. A., & Bin, R. L. L. (2018). Preliminary Study on consumer attitude towards FinTech products and services in Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(2.29), 166–169.
Hung, J. L., & Luo, B. (2016). FinTech in Taiwan: A case study of a Bank’s strategic planning for an investment in a FinTech company. Financial Innovation, 2(1), 15.
Ishiyama, H. (2018). The Future of Fintech services in Japan and the U.S. identified through consumer trend surveys. Retrieved October 23, 2018, from https://journal.jp.fujitsu.com/en/2018/03/20/01/.
Jagtiani, J., & Lemieux, C. (2017). Fintech lending: Financial inclusion, risk pricing, and alternative information. Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia Working Paper, 17-17.
Jain, P. (2019). Best investing apps & Robo-advisers in Australia. Retrieved October 12, 2018, from https://skilledsmart.com.au/best-investing-apps-robo-advisers-australia/.
Jin, X., Zhu, Y., & Huang, Y. S. (2019). Losing by learning? A study of social trading platform. Finance Research Letters, 28, 171–179.
Jutla, S., & Sundararajan, N. (2016). India’s FinTech ecosystem. In S. Chishti & J. Barberis (Eds.), The FinTech Book: The Financial Technology Handbook for investors, entrepreneurs and visionaries (pp. 56–57). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Kapronasia (2017). Robo-Advisors in China.
Karlan, D., Kendall, J., Mann, R., Pande, R., Suri, T., & Zinman, J. (2016). Research and impacts of digital financial services. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series, 22633.
Kartawijaya, R., & Hamsal, I. (2018). FINTECH: FinTech Entrepreneurs versus Banks in Indonesia. Advanced Science Letters, 24(1), 264–266.
Kauffman, R. J., Hu, Y., & Ma, D. (2015). Will high-frequency trading practices transform the financial markets in the Asia Pacific Region? Financial Innovation, 1(1), 1–27.
Kim, S. G., & Seok, K. J. (2015). Convergence of IT and online security trading: The effects of MTS service quality on customer satisfaction & customer loyalty. Journal of Digital Convergence, 13(9), 137–148.
KPMG (2016). Update on FinTech Development in Japan.
KPMG (2018). KPMG Australian FinTech Landscape.
Kubota, K., & Takehara, H. (2015). Reform and Price Discovery at the Tokyo Stock Exchange: From 1990 to 2012. Berlin: Springer.
Lacasse, R. M., Lambert, B. A., Roy, N., Sylvain, J., & Nadeau, F. (2016). A digital Tsunami: FinTech and Crowdfunding. In International Scientific Conference on Digital Intelligence (pp. 4–6).
Lechman, E., & Marszk, A. (2015). ICT technologies and financial innovations: The case of exchange traded funds in Brazil, Japan, Mexico, South Korea and the United States. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 99, 355–376.
Lee, D. K. C., & Low, L. (2018). Inclusive FinTech Blockchain, Cryptocurrency and ICO. New York: World Scientific.
Lee, E. J. (2015). High frequency trading in the Korean index futures market. Journal of Futures Markets, 35(1), 31–51.
Li, G., Dai, J. S., Park, E. M., & Park, S. T. (2017). A study on the service and trend of Fintech security based on text-mining: Focused on the data of Korean online news. Journal of Computer Virology and Hacking Techniques, 13(4), 249–255.
Lin, K. (2018). Taiwan relaxes Robo-advisory rules. Retrieved October 20, 2018, from https://fundselectorasia.com/taiwan-relaxes-robo-advisory-rules/.
Lu, E. (2018). Robo-advisers taking the world by storm. Retrieved October 24, 2018, from http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hkedition/2018-07/13/content_36566446.html.
Malini, A., & Menon, D. G. (2017, December). Technological innovations in the banking sector in India: An analysis. In 2017 International Conference on Technological Advancements in Power and Energy (TAP Energy) (pp. 1–5). IEEE.
Marszk, A., & Lechman, E. (2018). New technologies and diffusion of innovative financial products: Evidence on exchange-traded funds in selected emerging and developed economies. Journal of Macroeconomics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2018.10.001.
McKinsey (2015). Digital Banking in Asia: What do consumers really want?.
Miao, M., & Jayakar, K. (2016). Mobile payments in Japan, South Korea and China: Cross-border convergence or divergence of business models? Telecommunications Policy, 40(2–3), 182–196.
Milne, A., & Parboteeah, P. (2016). The business models and economics of peer-to-peer lending (p. 17). Brussels: European Credit Research Institute.
Mittal, S., & Lloyd, J. (2016). The Rise of FinTech in China: Redefining financial services. Singapore: Asian Insights Office DBS Group Research.
Mookerjee, I. (2018). Hong Kong tightening rules for Robo advisors. Retrieved October 24, 2018, from https://citywireasia.com/news/hong-kong-tightening-rules-for-robo-advisors/a1106164.
Morse, A. (2015). Peer-to-peer crowdfunding: Information and the potential for disruption in consumer lending. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 7, 463–482.
Ohira, K. (2017). FinTech in Japan. Institute for International Socio-Economic Studies.
Oshodin, O., Molla, A., Karanasios, S., & Ong, C. E. (2017). Is FinTech a disruption or a new eco-system? An exploratory investigation of Banksr response to FinTech in Australia. In Proceeding of Australasian Conference on Information Systems (pp. 1–11).
Ozili, P. K. (2018). Impact of digital finance on financial inclusion and stability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 18(4), 329–340.
Park, E. -J. (2017). Need investment advice? Call a robot. Retrieved October 29, 2018, from http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3035045.
Pash, C. (2018). Australian millennials have taken to Robo financial advice. Retrieved October 12, 2018, from https://www.businessinsider.com.au/australian-millennials-robo-financial-advice-2018-4.
Phoon, K., & Koh, F. (2018). Robo-Advisors and Wealth Management. The Journal of Alternative Investments, 20(3), 79–94.
Pollari, I. (2016). The rise of Fintech opportunities and challenges. Jassa, 3, 15–21.
PricewaterhouseCoopers New Zealand (2017). FinTech 2.0. Beyond blurred lines: Have Financial Services Institutions misread the innovation landscape?
Riyanto, A., Primiana, I., & Azis, Y. (2018). Disruptive Technology: The Phenomenon of FinTech towards Conventional Banking in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 407(1), 012104.
Singh, I., & Kaur, N. (2017). Wealth management through robo advisory. International Journal of Research-Granthaalayah, 5(6), 33–43.
Sinha, S., Pandey, K. R., & Madan, N. (2018). Fintech and the demand side challenge in financial inclusion. Enterprise Development and Microfinance, 29(1), 94–98.
Sironi, P. (2016). FinTech innovation: From robo-advisors to goal based investing and gamification. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Skinner, C. (2018). 10 big FinTech trends in New Zealand. Retrieved October 27, 2018, from https://thefinanser.com/2018/07/10-big-fintech-trends-new-zealand.html/.
Statista (2018). Robo-Advisors. Retrieved October 24, 2018, from https://www.statista.com/outlook/337/118/robo-advisors/.
Swartz, K. L. (2017). Stored value facilities: Changing the fintech landscape in Hong Kong. Journal of Investment Compliance, 18(1), 107–110.
Thomsen, A. (2017). Despite the FinTech boom, Robo advisors in Japan have yet to make their mark on the industry. Retrieved October 27, 2018, from https://sg.news.yahoo.com/despite-fintech-boom-robo-advisors-japan-yet-mark-093333760.html.
To, W. M., & Lai, L. S. (2014). Mobile banking and payment in China. IT Professional, 16(3), 22–27.
Uchida, K. (2016). The Characteristics of Online Investors. In S. Ikeda, H. K. Kato, F. Ohtake, & Y. Tsutsui (Eds.), Behavioral economics of preferences, choices, and happiness (pp. 667–685). Tokyo: Springer.
Wang, F. F. (2017). Decoding robo-advisors. In FinTech 2017: China, Asia, and beyond (pp. 30–33). Charlottesville, VA: CFA Institute.
Warelis, D. (2018). A digital transformation in Hong Kong Banking. Retrieved October 12, 2018, from https://blogs.thomsonreuters.com/financial-risk/fintech-innovation/digital-transformation-in-hong-kong-banking/.
Wei, Z., & Lin, M. (2016). Market mechanisms in online peer-to-peer lending. Management Science, 63(12), 4236–4257.
Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2017a). FinTech banking industry: A systemic approach. Foresight, 19(6), 590–603.
Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2017b). FinTech crowdfunding of Thailand 4.0 Policy. The Journal of Private Equity, 21(1), 55.
Wonglimpiyarat, J. (2018). Challenges and dynamics of FinTech crowd funding: An innovation system approach. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 29(1), 98–108.
Xiang, X., Lina, Z., Yun, W., & Chengxuan, H. (2017). China’s path to FinTech development. European Economy, 2, 143–159.
Xiaofang, J. (2017). The ABCs of financial technology. In FinTech 2017: China, Asia, and beyond (pp. 14–15). Charlottesville, VA: CFA Institute.
Yanagawa, E. (2017). Trends and initiatives about Robo-advisers: Pioneering unexplored areas in Japan. Journal of Digital Banking, 2(1), 58–73.
Yap, B. (2017). India’s new payment banks need a regulatory boost. International Financial Law Review.
Yizhen, Z. (2017). China unlikely the next market for Robo-advisors. In FinTech 2017: China, Asia, and beyond (pp. 36–38). Charlottesville, VA: CFA Institute.
Yuan, S., Liu, Y., Yao, R., & Liu, J. (2016). An investigation of users’ continuance intention towards mobile banking in China. Information Development, 32(1), 20–34.
Zalan, T., & Toufaily, E. (2017). The promise of Fintech in emerging markets: Not as disruptive. Contemporary Economics, 11(4), 415–430.
Zhong, J., & Nieminen, M. (2015). Resource-based co-innovation through platform ecosystem: Experiences of mobile payment innovation in China. Journal of Strategy and Management, 8(3), 283–298.
Zhou, H., & Kalev, P. S. (2019). Algorithmic and high frequency trading in Asia-Pacific, now and the future. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 53, 186–207.
Zins, A., & Weill, L. (2016). The determinants of financial inclusion in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 6(1), 46–57.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Marszk, A., Lechman, E., Kato, Y. (2019). New Technologies for Exchange-Traded Funds. In: The Emergence of ETFs in Asia-Pacific. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12752-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12752-7_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-12751-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-12752-7
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)