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Migraine and Cluster Headache: Differences and Similarities

  • Fu-Chi Yang
  • Todd J. Schwedt
  • Shuu-Jiun WangEmail author
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Part of the Headache book series (HEAD)

Abstract

Migraine and cluster headache (CH) are complex disorders characterized by recurrent episodes of headache. Although the two are regarded as distinct primary headache disorders, the clinical boundaries between CH and migraine are sometimes poorly defined, and there can be considerable overlap between the characteristics of the two headache types. Given the inherent clinical variability in these two headache disorders, it is likely that some patients will exhibit overlapping symptoms of CH and migraine. Although the pathogenesis of these two headache disorders remains to be fully understood, accumulating evidence suggests important roles for the trigeminovascular system and release of sensory neuropeptides. Neuroimaging studies have suggested a potential role of the dorsolateral pons, hypothalamus, and trigeminal nucleus caudalis in generating migraine attacks, while the hypothalamus is firmly implicated in the pathophysiology of CH. Additionally, some treatments may be effective for both migraine and CH, further supporting the notion that their pathophysiology may overlap. In this chapter, we review the clinical and pathophysiological differences and similarities between migraine and CH, highlighting the need for further research regarding the mechanisms underlying such differences and similarities.

Keywords

Cluster headache Migraine Pain Pathophysiology Autonomic symptoms Neuroimaging 

Abbreviations

CH

Cluster headache

ICHD-III

International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition

TAC

Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia

CAS

Cranial autonomic symptoms

CSD

Cortical spreading depression

DBS

Deep brain stimulation

IHS

International Headache Society

GON

Greater occipital nerve

TCC

Trigeminocervical complex

CGRP

Calcitonin gene-related peptide

NO

Nitric oxide

NKA

Neurokinin A

MRS

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

fMRI

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

FC

Functional connectivity

VBM

Voxel-based morphometry

GMV

Gray matter volume

DTI

Diffusion tensor imaging

WM

White matter

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© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

Authors and Affiliations

  • Fu-Chi Yang
    • 1
  • Todd J. Schwedt
    • 2
  • Shuu-Jiun Wang
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
    Email author
  1. 1.Department of NeurologyTri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterTaipeiTaiwan
  2. 2.Department of NeurologyMayo ClinicPhoenixUSA
  3. 3.Brain Research CenterNational Yang-Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
  4. 4.Faculty of Medicine, School of MedicineNational Yang-Ming UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
  5. 5.Neurological InstituteTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan

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