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Future of Information and Communication Conference

FICC 2019: Advances in Information and Communication pp 781–800Cite as

Response-Based Cryptographic Methods with Ternary Physical Unclonable Functions

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 70))

Abstract

Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are used as hardware fingerprints for access control, and authentication in mobile and wireless networks and Internet of Things. However, it is challenging to use PUFs to extract cryptographic keys, because a single bit mismatch in the keys is not acceptable to most encryption algorithms. PUFs are aging; they are sensitive to temperature drifts, and other environmental effects. Successful implementation of PUFs, as key generators, requires power hungry error correcting schemes that add latency, and vulnerability to attacks such as differential power analysis. This work proposes methods to generate cryptographic keys directly from the un-corrected responses of the PUFs. The secure server, driving the network, manages the differences between the PUF responses and the original PUF challenges, through matching algorithms, mitigating the need to use heavy error correction schemes. In these methods, both the server and the client devices independently generate the exact same un-corrected responses of the PUF. These responses are therefore suitable for cryptographic protocols such as public key infrastructure or highly secure ledger protecting blockchain technology. The method presented in this paper, which is based on ternary PUFs, was successfully implemented and tested in a PC environment.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thanking the students and faculty from Northern Arizona University, in particular Vince Rodriguez, Brandon Dunn, Julie Heynssens, and Ian Burke. We are also thanking the professionals of the Air Force Research lab of Rome, NY, and Alion science and Technology, who supported this effort.

Disclaimer

(a) Contractor acknowledges Government’s support in the publication of this paper. This material is based upon work funded by the Information Directorate, under AFRL Contract No. FA8075-14-D-0014-0018. (b) Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of AFRL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

    Bertrand Cambou, Christopher Philabaum & Duane Booher

  2. Air Force Research Laboratory, Information Directorate, Rome, NY, USA

    Donald A. Telesca

Authors
  1. Bertrand Cambou
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  2. Christopher Philabaum
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  3. Duane Booher
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  4. Donald A. Telesca
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bertrand Cambou .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Saga, Japan

    Kohei Arai

  2. The Science and Information (SAI) Organization, Bradford, UK

    Rahul Bhatia

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Cambou, B., Philabaum, C., Booher, D., Telesca, D.A. (2020). Response-Based Cryptographic Methods with Ternary Physical Unclonable Functions. In: Arai, K., Bhatia, R. (eds) Advances in Information and Communication. FICC 2019. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 70. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12385-7_55

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