Abstract
Tourism is often identified as an economic diversification option for rural places, but a review of the literature reveals that rural is most often viewed homogenously, as places outside of cities or when differentiated, as the places that are far away (exotic remote) or close to cities (fringe); limited research has identified the places in the middle (the boring bits in between). Experience suggests there are significant differences in the opportunities and challenges that different rural areas experience, yet academic literature and governmental policies and programs do not adequately reflect these differences. Despite many excellent case studies, there has not been an attempt to create a framework that allows for a comparison not only within the same geography, but across these three rural geographies to determine, and thus illustrate, both the need for and the theoretical construct of, differentiated rural tourism geographies. This introductory chapter presents our framework of analysis for differentiating rural, and the geographical context factors used to construct our nine case studies, from the three countries of Australia, Canada and Sweden.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
I would like to acknowledge Dr. Kelly Vodden as our third colleague, and thank her for her contributions to the initial conversation that led to this book.
- 2.
The framework was developed by, and should be attributed to, both Rhonda L. Koster and Doris A. Carson.
References
Bell, D. (2006). Variations on the rural idyll. In P. Cloke, T. Marsden, & P. Mooney (Eds.), Handbook of rural studies (pp. 149–161). London: SAGE Publishing.
Butler, R., Hall, C. M., & Jenkins, J. (1998). Tourism and recreation in rural areas. New York, NY: Wiley.
Carson, D., & Jacobsen, D. (2005). Knowledge matters: Harnessing innovation for regional tourism development. In D. Carson & J. MacBeth (Eds.), Regional tourism cases: Innovation in regional tourism (pp. 19–30). Melbourne: Common Ground Publishing.
Christaller, W. (1964). Some considerations of tourism location in Europe: The peripheral regions—Underdeveloped countries—Recreation areas. Papers of the Regional Science Association, 12, 95–105.
Crouch, D. (2006). Tourism, consumption and rurality. In P. Cloke, T. Marsden, & P. Mooney (Eds.), Handbook of rural studies (pp. 355–365). London, England: Sage.
Eurostat. (n.d.). Tourism statistics at a regional level. Retrieved August 2, 2018, from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Tourism_statistics_at_regional_level.
George, W., Mair, H., & Reid, D. (2009). Rural tourism development: Localism and cultural change. Toronto, Canada: Channel View Publications.
Getz, D., & Page, S. J. (1997). Conclusions and implications for rural business development. In D. Getz & S. J. Page (Eds.), The business of rural tourism: International perspectives (pp. 191–205). London: International Thomson Business Press.
Halfacree, K. (1993). Locality and social representation: Space, discourses and alternative definitions of the rural. Journal of Rural Studies, 9(1), 23–37.
Hall, C. M., & Page, S. J. (2014). The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space (4th ed.). New York: Routledge.
Hall, D., Mitchell, M., & Roberts, L. (2003). Tourism and the countryside: Dynamic relationships. In: D. Hall, M. Mitchell, & Roberts, L. (Eds.), New directions in rural tourism. Aldershot: Ashgate. Chapter 1.
Hoggart, K. (1990). Let’s do away with rural. Journal of Rural Studies, 6, 245–257.
Kastenholz, E., Carneiro, M., Eusebio, C., & Figueiredo, E. (Eds.). (2016). Meeting challenges for rural tourism through co-creation of sustainable tourism experiences. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Keller, P. (1987). Stages of peripheral tourism development—Canada’s Northwest Territories. Tourism Management, 8, 20–32.
Koster, R. L., Lemelin, R. H., & Agnew, K. (2010). Frolicking in the fringe: An assessment of the state of exurban tourism in Canada. In K. Beesley (Ed.), Rural-urban fringe in Canada: Conflict and controversy (pp. 144–157). Rural Development Institute: Brandon, Manitoba.
Lane, B. (2009). Chapter 20 rural tourism: An overview. In T. Jamal & M. Robinson (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of tourism studies. London: SAGE Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9780857021076.n20.
Lane, B. (1994). What is rural tourism? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2(1&2), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589409510680.
Lemelin, R. H., Maher, P., & Liggett, D. (Eds.). 2013. From talk to action: How tourism is changing the polar regions (pp. 183–198). Thunder Bay, Canada: Centre for Northern Studies Press.
Lundgren, J. (1982). The tourist frontier of Nouveau Quebec: Functions and regional linkages. Tourist Review, 37(10), 10–16.
Maher, P. T., Stewart, E. J., & Lück, M. (2011). Polar tourism: Human, environmental and governance dimensions. New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.
Mair, H. (2006). Global restructuring and local responses: Investigating rural tourism policy in two Canadian communities. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(1), 1–45.
Müller, D., Lundmark, L., & Lemelin, R. H. (2013). New issues in polar tourism: Communities, environments, politics. New York, Springer.
Müller, D. K. (2016). On the location of tourism: An outlook from Europe’s northern periphery. In M. Mayer & H. Job (Eds.), Naturtourismus: Chancen und Herausforderungen (pp. 113–124). Mannheim: Meta GIS Systems.
Nepal, S. (2009). Chapter 8: Tourism geographies: A review of trends, challenges, and opportunities. In T. Jamal & M. Robinson (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of tourism studies. London: SAGE Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9780857021076.n8.
OECD. (1993). What future for our countryside? A rural development policy. Paris: OECD.
Pahl, R. (1968). The rural-urban continuum. In R. Pahl (Ed.), Readings in urban sociology. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.
Ramsey, D., & Malcolm, C. (2017). The importance of location and scale in rural and small town tourism product development: The case of the Canadian Fossil Discovery Centre, Manitoba, Canada. The Canadian Geographer, 62(1), 250–265. https://doi.org/10.1111/cag.12409.
Reid, D. (2003). Tourism, globalization and development: Responsible tourism planning. London: Pluto Press.
Robinson, G. M. (1990). Conflict and change in the countryside. London: Belhaven.
Rojeck, C., & Urry, J. (1997). Transformations of travel and theory. In C. Rojeck & J. Urry (Eds.), Touring cultures: Transformations of travel and theory (pp. 1–22). London: Routledge.
Schmallegger, D., Carson, D., & Tremblay, P. (2010). The economic geography of remote tourism: The problem of connection seeking. Tourism Analysis, 15(1), 125–137.
Sznajder, M. (Ed.) 2017. Metropolitan commuter belt tourism. Routledge.
Shaw, G., & Williams, A. M. (1994). Critical issues in tourism: A geographical perspective. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Tönnies, F. (1963). Community and society. New York: Harper and Row.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. (2015). World urbanisation prospects: The 2014 revisions: Highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/366). Retrieved from https://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/publications/files/wup2014-report.pdf.
Urry, J. (2002). The tourist gaze (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Weaver, D. (2005). The distinctive dynamics of exurban tourism. International Journal of Tourism Research, 7(1), 23–33.
Weaver, D., & Lawton, L. (2001). Resident perceptions in the urban-rural fringe. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 439–458.
Winchell, D. G., & Koster. R. L. (2010). Introduction. The dynamics of rural change: A multi-national approach. In D. G. Winchell, D. Ramsey, R. Koster, & G. M. Robinson (Eds.), Geographical perspectives on sustainable rural change (pp. 1–23). Brandon, Manitoba: Rural Development Institute.
Woods, M. (2005). Rural geography: Processes, responses and experiences in rural restructing. London, England: Sage.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Koster, R.L. (2019). Why Differentiate Rural Tourism Geographies?. In: Koster, R., Carson, D. (eds) Perspectives on Rural Tourism Geographies. Geographies of Tourism and Global Change. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11950-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11950-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11949-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11950-8
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)