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The Dynamics of Diabetes Prevalence, Morbidity, and Mortality

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus has caught the attention of the world as a major public health problem due to the explosive increases in prevalence that have occurred, affecting virtually all regions of the world, and within regions, affecting all age and demographic subgroups and across the full range of socioeconomic status [1–3]. The global prevalence is now estimated at around 420 million, affecting 9% of men and 8% of women, with lowest regional prevalence in Northeastern Europe (6%) and highest prevalence in Polynesia and Macronesia (25%) [1]. This growth has included both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, although between 90 and 95 percent of the cases and the predominant increase in prevalence has been driven by type 2 cases [4]. Dozens of individual-level genetic and environmental have been prospectively associated with type 2 diabetes, but the increases in prevalence in most societies have likely been driven by a smaller set of trends, including increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, declining levels of physical activity, poor-quality carbohydrate in our diets, sugary drinks, increased fast food and portion sizes, aging and longer lifespan, and increasingly diverse socioeconomics [5, 6]. There is also increasing recognition of heterogeneity in diabetes types, even within the classic categories of type 2 and type 1 diabetes, that likely have different patterns of risk factors that may further vary by region and context [7].

The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Edward W. Gregg & Paula Bracco

  2. School of Medicine and Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Paula Bracco

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  1. Edward W. Gregg
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Correspondence to Edward W. Gregg .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Multidisciplinary Diabetes Center, Mexico City, Mexico

    Joel Rodriguez-Saldana

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Gregg, E.W., Bracco, P. (2019). The Dynamics of Diabetes Prevalence, Morbidity, and Mortality. In: Rodriguez-Saldana, J. (eds) The Diabetes Textbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11815-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11815-0_2

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