Abstract
In this introduction to the volume, editors Natalie Alvarez, Claudette Lauzon, and Keren Zaiontz examine current directions in art activism in the Americas in the aftermath of what Micah White calls the ‘constructive failure’ of Occupy Wall Street. Art activists, the editors argue, are meeting the shifting demands of activism through the creation of sustainable spaces and adaptable tactics that exceed the space-time of the street protest or direct action itself. The editors examine the ways in which this turn toward sustainable strategies enacts a ‘prefigurative politics’ designed to bring a desired future into being. But they also take stock of the centuries-long and ongoing forms of Indigenous land-based activism, which enacts what might be called a ‘refigurative politics’ that makes manifest the ‘already-(continuing)-and’ of Indigenous rights to sovereignty and self-determination. Their overview of chapter contributions traces how art activists are deploying strategic, sustainable tools—through networked technologies and digital activism, cross-sector alliances and relationships, and readymade tools, to name a few—in order to generate alternative social configurations and collective futures. Alvarez, Lauzon, and Zaiontz conclude by identifying how the book’s ten artist pages, interspersed throughout the collection, unsettle any stable definitions of art activism while offering new ways of thinking and feeling about the mobilizing power of creative collaboration and activism.
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Notes
- 1.
We refer here to Rebecca Schneider’s work Performing Remains: Art and War in Times of Theatrical Reenactment (London: Routledge, 2011), which questions how performance, typically understood as ephemeral and transient, remains in ways that exceed the logic of archival thinking.
- 2.
Nigel Thrift and Ash Amin, Arts of the Political: New Openings for the Left (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013), ix.
- 3.
Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams, Inventing the Future: Postcapitalism and a World Without Work (New York: Verso, 2016), 6.
- 4.
T.J. Palley, ‘Financialization: What It Is and Why It Matters’ (Working Paper 252, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY: The Levy Economics Institute, 2007).
- 5.
Gerald Vizenor coined the term ‘survivance’ in his edited book by the same name to argue for Indigenous modes of self-determination that can be enacted in the present through expressive cultural and material practices. See Gerald Vizenor, ed., Survivance : Narratives of Native Presence (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2008).
- 6.
Leanne Betasamosake Simpson, Dancing on Our Turtle’s Back (Winnipeg: ARP Books, 2011), 16. For texts that chronicle contemporary Indigenous activism and survivance on Turtle Island see the Kino-nda-niimi Collective, Niigaanwewidam James Sinclair, Leanne Betasamosake Simpson, Tanya Kappo, Wanda Nanibush, and Hayden King, eds., The Winter We Danced: Voices from the Past, the Future and the Idle No More Movement (Winnipeg: Arbeiter Ring Publishing, 2013). See also Dylan Robinson and Keavy Martin, eds., The Arts of Engagement: Taking Aesthetic Action In and Beyond the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2016).
- 7.
This experience of grinding colonialism shares more than one parallel with the slavery of African-American people. Imagining the figure of the ‘enslaved woman,’ Ta-Nehisi Coates writes in Between the World and Me, ‘Never forget that we have been enslaved in this country longer than we have been free. Never forget that for 250 years black people were born into chains—whole generations followed by more generations who knew nothing but chains’ (70).
- 8.
Glen Coulthard and Leanne Betasamosake Simpson, ‘Grounded Normativity/Place-Based Solidarity,’ American Quarterly 68, no. 2 (June 2016): 249–255, 251.
- 9.
Ibid., 251.
- 10.
For more information about the Pimicikimak Cree Nation (which we consider a prefigurative political enactment of nationhood), see Jacobson-Konefall’s chapter and visit the Pimicikimak’s website: https://www.pimicikamak.ca.
- 11.
See ‘Occupy Movement: From Local Action to a Global Howl of Protest,’ Guardian, October 18, 2011. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/oct/17/occupy-movement-global-protest.
- 12.
Kamilla Petrick, ‘Occupy and the Temporal Politics of Prefigurative Democracy,’ tripleC 15, no. 2 (2017): 495.
- 13.
Jonathan Matthew Smucker, ‘Occupy: A Name Fixed to a Flashpoint,’ The Sociological Quarterly 54, no. 2 (2013): 220.
- 14.
Smucker, ‘Occupy,’ 219–220.
- 15.
Petrick, ‘Occupy and the Temporal Politics of Prefigurative Democracy,’ 495.
- 16.
Jodi Dean, Crowds and Party (New York: Verso, 2016), 163.
- 17.
Laura Grattan, Populism’s Power: Radical Grassroots Democracy in America (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016), 207.
- 18.
Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, ‘Decolonization Is Not a Metaphor,’ Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 1, no.1 (2012): 23.
- 19.
Ibid., 24.
- 20.
Daniel Fischlin, Ajay Heble, and George Lipsitz, The Fierce Urgency of Now: Improvisation, Rights, and the Ethics of Cocreation (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013), xiii.
- 21.
Michel de Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life, trans. Steven Rendall (Berkeley: Berkeley University Press, 1984), 30.
- 22.
Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, Assembly (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017), 22.
- 23.
Mitropoulos, ‘Precari-Us?’At the same time, Mitropoulos and others recognize the need for ‘clandestinity which remains an imperative for the survival of many undocumented migrants and workers in the informal economy.’ Ibid.
- 24.
Ibid.
- 25.
Diana Taylor, The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2003), 20.
- 26.
Dean, Democracy and Other Neoliberal Fantasies, 26–27.
- 27.
Guy Standing, ‘Why the Precariat Is Not a “Bogus Concept”,’ openDemocracy, March 4, 2014. https://www.opendemocracy.net/guy-standing/why-precariat-is-not-%E2%80%9Cbogus-concept%E2%80%9D.
- 28.
Ibid.
- 29.
Nicholas Ridout and Rebecca Schneider, ‘Precarity and Performance: An Introduction,’ TRD: The Drama Review 56, no. 4 (2012): 8.
- 30.
Mitropoulos, ‘Precari-Us?’.
- 31.
Ridout and Schneider, ‘Precarity and Performance,’ 8.
- 32.
Ibid., 9.
- 33.
Judith Butler and Athena Athanasiou, Dispossession: The Performative in the Political (Cambridge: Polity, 2013), 4.
- 34.
L.M. Bogad, Tactical Performance: The Theory and Practice of Serious Play (New York: Routledge, 2016), 97.
- 35.
Carla Bergman and Nick Montgomery, Joyful Militancy: Building Thriving Resistance in Toxic Times (Oakland, CA: AK Press, 2017). See also Benjamin Shepard, Radical Friendships: Outsider Networks and Social Movements (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015) and Niharika Banerjea, Debanuj Dasgupta, Rohit K. Dasgupta, and Jaime M. Grant, eds., Friendship as Social Justice Activism: Critical Solidarities in a Global Perspective (Kolkata, India: Seagull Books, 2018).
- 36.
W.E.B. DuBois, ‘The African Roots of War,’ Atlantic Monthly 115 (1915): 707–714. See also Stefano Harney and Fred Moten, The Undercommons: Fugitive Planning and Black Study (New York: Minor Compositions/Autonomedia, 2013).
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Alvarez, N., Lauzon, C., Zaiontz, K. (2019). On Sustainable Tools for Precarious Times: An Introduction. In: Alvarez, N., Lauzon, C., Zaiontz, K. (eds) Sustainable Tools for Precarious Times. Contemporary Performance InterActions. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11557-9_1
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