Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Medical Education in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine pp 25–42Cite as

Teaching Clinical Medical Students

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 765 Accesses

Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM))

Abstract

Pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine encompasses a wide variety of clinical settings, from ambulatory clinic to in-patient consult services and to the intensive care unit. Teaching medical students in these heterogeneous clinical settings can be challenging, as clinical obligations and students’ needs and expectations can vary. This chapter focuses on strategies to provide optimal teaching to medical students in in-patient clinical settings, including the Pulmonary Consult service and the ICU. Core strategies for engaging and effectively teaching students can be applied in different clinical settings and for different clinical scenarios, however, to address the heterogeneity of teaching clinical students. Specifically, best practices in teaching medical students in clinical settings include prioritizing thoughtful preparation for teaching, encouraging student autonomy and ownership, and emphasizing critical thinking skills and application of knowledge to solve clinical problems. Developing a learning environment that encourages inquisitiveness and open communication can promote students to develop self-directed learning skills, which will significantly add to the educational value of working and learning in the clinical setting.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Fessler HE. Undergraduate medical education in critical care. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:3065–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. O’Connor E, Moore M, Cullen W, Cantillon P. A qualitative study of undergraduate clerkships in the intensive care unit: it’s a brand new world. Perspect Med Educ. 2017;6(3):173–81. Med Teach. 2017 Mar;39(3):244–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Khan N, Jovestani K, Spencer C, Man R, Pugh M, Woywodt A. Twelve tips on how to establish a new undergraduate firm on a critical care unit.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Whereat SE, McLean AS. Survey of the current status of teaching intensive care medicine in Australia and New Zealand medical schools. Crit Care Med. 2012;40(2):430–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Dehmer JJ, Amos KD, Farrell TM, Meyer AA, Newton WP, Meyers MO. Competence and confidence with basic procedural skills: the experience and opinions of fourth-year medical students at a single institution. Acad Med. 2013;88(5):682–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gandomkar R, Sandars J. Clearing the confusion about self-directed learning and self-regulated learning. Med Teach. 2018;40:862–3. 1–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gandomkar R, Mirzazadeh A, Jalili M, Yazdani K, Fata L, Sandars J. Self-regulated learning processes of medical students during an academic learning task. Med Educ. 2016;50(10):1065–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Berkhout JJ, Helmich E, Teunissen PW, van den Berg JW, van der Vleuten CP, Jaarsma AD. Exploring the factors influencing clinical students’ self-regulated learning. Med Educ. 2015;49(6):589–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Kassirer JP. Teaching clinical reasoning: case-based and coached. Acad Med. 2010;85(7):1118–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Linn A, Khaw C, Kildea H, Tonkin A. Clinical reasoning – a guide to improving teaching and practice. Aust Fam Physician. 2012;41(1–2):18–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Almoosa KF, Goldenhar LM, Puchalski J, Ying J, Panos RJ. J Grad Med Educ. 2010;2(4):555–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Merchant NB, Federman DG. Bedside rounds valued but not preferred: perceptions of internal medicine residents and attending physicians in a diverse academic training program. South Med J. 2017;110(8):531–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lim KG, Dunn WF, Klarich KW, Afessa B. Internal medicine resident education in the medical intensive care unit: the impact on education and patient care of a scheduling change for didactic sessions. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(7):1534–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Croley WC, Rothenberg DM. Education of trainees in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(2):S117–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Çoruh B, Kritek P. A case-based critical care curriculum for resident physicians. MedEdPORTAL. 2012;8:9276. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.9276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Santhosh L, Jain S, Brady A, Sharp M, Carlos WG. Intensive care unit educators: a multicenter evaluation of behaviors residents value in attending physicians. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2017;14(4):513–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hutul OA, Carpenter RO, Tarpley JL, Lomis KD. Missed opportunities: a descriptive assessment of teaching and attitudes regarding communication skills in a surgical residency. Curr Surg. 2006;63(6):401–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hammoud MM, Dalymple JL, Christner JG, Stewart RA, Fisher J, Margo K, Ali II, Briscoe GW, Pangaro LN. Medical student documentation in electronic health records: a collaborative statement from the Alliance for clinical education. Teach Learn Med. 2012;24(3):257–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kumar AB, Hata JS, Bayman EO, Krishnan S. Implementing a hybrid web-based curriculum for an elective medical student clerkship in a busy surgical intensive care unit (ICU): effect on test and satisfaction scores. J Surg Educ. 2013;70(1):109–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Kessler CS, Chan T, Loeb JM, Malka ST. I’m clear, you’re clear, we’re all clear: improving consultation communication skills in undergraduate medical education. Acad Med. 2013;88(6):753–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dowell J, Dent JA, Duffy R. What to do about medical students with unsatisfactory consultation skills? Med Teach. 2006;28(5):443–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Kessler CS, Tadisina KK, Saks M, Franzen D, Woods R, Banh KV, Bounds R, Smith M, Deiorio N, Schwartz A. The 5Cs of consultation: training medical students to communicate effectively in the emergency department. J Emerg Med. 2015;49(5):713–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Windish DM, Price EG, Clever SL, Magaziner JL, Thomas PA. Teaching medical students the important connection between communication and clinical reasoning. J Gen Intern Med. 2005;20(12):1108–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Schmidt HG, Mamede S. How to improve the teaching of clinical reasoning: a narrative review and a proposal. Med Educ. 2015;49(10):961–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. McMillan WJ. Teaching for clinical reasoning – helping students make the conceptual links. Med Teach. 2010;32(10):e436–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wittels K, Wallenstein J, Patwari R, Patel S. Medical student documentation in the electronic medical record: patterns of use and barriers. West J Emerg Med. 2017;18(1):133–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Cohn SL. The role of the medical consultant. Med Clin N Am. 2003;87:1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Chudgar SM, Cox CE, Que LG, Andolsek K, Clay AS, et al. Current teaching and evaluation methods in critical care medicine: has accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education affected how we practice and teach in the intensive care unit? Crit Care Med. 2009;37(1):49–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Association of American Medical Colleges (US). Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency (Updated); [cited 2018 Aug 7]. Available from: https://icollaborative.aamc.org/resource/887/.

  30. Watling CJ, Ginsburg S. Assessment, feedback and the alchemy of learning. Med Educ. 2018. [Epub ahead of print].

    Google Scholar 

  31. van der Vleuten CPM, Schuwirth LWT, Scheele F, Driessen EW, Hodges B. The assessment of professional competence: building blocks for theory development. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2010;24(6):703–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

    Mario C. Ponce

  2. Harvard Medical School, Shapiro Institute Center for Education, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy B. Richards

Authors
  1. Mario C. Ponce
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jeremy B. Richards
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Patricia A. Kritek

  2. Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA

    Jeremy B. Richards

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Ponce, M.C., Richards, J.B. (2019). Teaching Clinical Medical Students. In: Kritek, P., Richards, J. (eds) Medical Education in Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. Respiratory Medicine. Humana, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10680-5_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10680-5_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10679-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10680-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation