Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Sinonasal Tract

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Practical Head and Neck Pathology

Part of the book series: Practical Anatomic Pathology ((PAP))

  • 1258 Accesses

Abstract

Significant progress in sinonasal tract pathology has been made in recent years, including identification of new entities, expanding roles of viral pathogens and tumor molecular pathogenesis. Our chapter covers most of the relevant progress to diagnostic pathologists, as well as classic tumor and non-tumor diseases of sinonasal tract, emphasizing on practical solutions for routine pathological diagnosis and differential diagnoses. Updated immunohistochemical and molecular markers for various tumors are also covered in appropriate context. The case presentation at the end of the chapter provides real-world practice opportunity for all pathologists.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Afzelius BA. A human syndrome caused by immotile cilia. Science. 1976;193(4250):317–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kim RH, D AH, Cutz E, Knowles MR, Nelligan KA, Nykamp K, et al. The role of molecular genetic analysis in the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014;11(3):351–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Penner CR, Thompson L. Nasal glial heterotopia: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 10 cases with a review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2003;7(6):354–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rodriguez DP, Orscheln ES, Koch BL. Masses of the nose, nasal cavity, and nasopharynx in children. Radiographics. 2017;37(6):1704–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Jiang N, Kern RC, Altman KW. Histopathological evaluation of chronic rhinosinusitis: a critical review. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013;27(5):396–402.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ocampo CJ, Grammer LC. Chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2013;1(3):205–11; quiz 12–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Soler ZM, Sauer DA, Mace J, Smith TL. Relationship between clinical measures and histopathologic findings in chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;141(4):454–61.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Sakuma Y, Ishitoya J, Komatsu M, Shiono O, Hirama M, Yamashita Y, et al. New clinical diagnostic criteria for eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2011;38(5):583–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Nakayama T, Yoshikawa M, Asaka D, Okushi T, Matsuwaki Y, Otori N, et al. Mucosal eosinophilia and recurrence of nasal polyps – new classification of chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology. 2011;49(4):392–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Baudoin T, Kalogjera L, Geber G, Grgic M, Cupic H, Tiljak MK. Correlation of histopathology and symptoms in allergic and non-allergic patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2008;265(6):657–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ferguson BJ. Categorization of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;12(3):237–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Ferguson BJ. Eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis: a distinct clinicopathological entity. Laryngoscope. 2000;110(5 Pt 1):799–813.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ly TH, deShazo RD, Olivier J, Stringer SP, Daley W, Stodard CM. Diagnostic criteria for atrophic rhinosinusitis. Am J Med. 2009;122(8):747–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Sreeparvathi A, Kalyanikuttyamma LK, Kumar M, Sreekumar N, Veerasigamani N. Significance of blood eosinophil count in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017;11(2):MC08–11.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Zambetti G, Ciofalo A, Romeo R, Soldo P, Fusconi M, Greco A, et al. Nasal histamine responses in nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilic syndrome. Allergy Rhinol (Providence, RI). 2015;6(2):94–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Zeitz HJ. Bronchial asthma, nasal polyps, and aspirin sensitivity: Samter’s syndrome. Clin Chest Med. 1988;9(4):567–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kennedy JL, Stoner AN, Borish L. Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease: prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and considerations for the future. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016;30(6):407–13.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Stevens WW, Peters AT, Hirsch AG, Nordberg CM, Schwartz BS, Mercer DG, et al. Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017;5(4):1061–70.e3.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Granville L, Chirala M, Cernoch P, Ostrowski M, Truong LD. Fungal sinusitis: histologic spectrum and correlation with culture. Hum Pathol. 2004;35(4):474–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Monroe MM, McLean M, Sautter N, Wax MK, Andersen PE, Smith TL, et al. Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: a 15-year experience with 29 patients. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(7):1583–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ergun O, Tahir E, Kuscu O, Ozgen B, Yilmaz T. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: presentation of 19 cases, review of the literature, and a new classification system. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017;75(4):767.e1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Montone KT. Pathology of fungal rhinosinusitis: a review. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):40–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Uri N, Ronen O, Marshak T, Parpara O, Nashashibi M, Gruber M. Allergic fungal sinusitis and eosinophilic mucin rhinosinusitis: diagnostic criteria. J Laryngol Otol. 2013;127(9):867–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Das A, Bal A, Chakrabarti A, Panda N, Joshi K. Spectrum of fungal rhinosinusitis; histopathologist’s perspective. Histopathology. 2009;54(7):854–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Chakrabarti A, Denning DW, Ferguson BJ, Ponikau J, Buzina W, Kita H, et al. Fungal rhinosinusitis: a categorization and definitional schema addressing current controversies. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(9):1809–18.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Thompson GR 3rd, Patterson TF. Fungal disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129(2):321–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Frosini P, Picarella G, De Campora E. Antrochoanal polyp: analysis of 200 cases. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2009;29(1):21–6.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Chaaban MR, Walsh EM, Woodworth BA. Epidemiology and differential diagnosis of nasal polyps. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013;27(6):473–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Settipane RA, Peters AT, Chiu AG. Chapter 6: nasal polyps. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013;27(Suppl 1):S20–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Bateman ND, Fahy C, Woolford TJ. Nasal polyps: still more questions than answers. J Laryngol Otol. 2003;117(1):1–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Casale M, Pappacena M, Potena M, Vesperini E, Ciglia G, Mladina R, et al. Nasal polyposis: from pathogenesis to treatment, an update. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2011;10(3):158–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Ikeda K, Shiozawa A, Ono N, Kusunoki T, Hirotsu M, Homma H, et al. Subclassification of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp based on eosinophil and neutrophil. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(11):E1–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Khan RA, Chernock RD, Lewis JS. Seromucinous hamartoma of the nasal cavity: a report of two cases and review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2011;5(3):241.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Mortuaire G, Leroy X, Gengler I, Chevalier D, Prin L, Picry A. Histopathological classification of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Histol Histopathol. 2015;30(12):1447–54.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Montone KT. Differential diagnosis of necrotizing sinonasal lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(12):1508–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Rodrigo JP, Suarez C, Rinaldo A, Devaney KO, Carbone A, Barnes L, et al. Idiopathic midline destructive disease: fact or fiction. Oral Oncol. 2005;41(4):340–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Montone KT. The molecular genetics of inflammatory, autoimmune, and infectious diseases of the sinonasal tract: a review. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138(6):745–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Goldfarb JM, Rabinowitz MR, Basnyat S, Nyquist GG, Rosen MR. Head and neck manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: a systematic review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016;155(5):771–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Rimmer J, Andrews P, Lund VJ. Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis of the nose and sinuses. J Laryngol Otol. 2014;128(12):1071–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Sedano HO, Carlos R, Koutlas IG. Respiratory scleroma: a clinicopathologic and ultrastructural study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996;81(6):665–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Sherif M, Eissa S, Bakry MW. Scleroma (rhinoscleroma). An immunologic and histopathologic study. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 1986;16(1):293–301.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Andraca R, Edson RS, Kern EB. Rhinoscleroma: a growing concern in the United States? Mayo Clinic experience. Mayo Clin Proc. 1993;68(12):1151–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Batsakis JG, el-Naggar AK. Rhinoscleroma and rhinosporidiosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1992;101(10):879–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Devaney KO, Travis WD, Hoffman G, Leavitt R, Lebovics R, Fauci AS. Interpretation of head and neck biopsies in Wegener’s granulomatosis. A pathologic study of 126 biopsies in 70 patients. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14(6):555–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Alobid I, Mullol J, Cid MC. Rhinitis of granulomatous and vasculitic diseases. Clin Allergy Immunol. 2007;19:221–39.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Tami TA. Granulomatous diseases and chronic rhinosinusitis. Otolaryngol Clin N Am. 2005;38(6):1267–78, x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Onder S, Sungur A. Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis: an unusual entity of the sinonasal tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004;128(1):90–1.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Jain R, Robblee JV, O’Sullivan-Mejia E, Lea J, Heller A, Faquin WC, et al. Sinonasal eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis: a report of four cases and review of literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2008;2(4):309–15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Thompson LD, Heffner DK. Sinonasal tract eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis. A report of three cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 2001;115(2):243–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Sunde J, Alexander KA, Reddy VV, Woodworth BA. Intranasal eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis: a case report and review. Head Neck Pathol. 2010;4(3):246–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Deshpande V, Khosroshahi A, Nielsen GP, Hamilos DL, Stone JH. Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis is a form of IgG4-related systemic disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;35(5):701–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Helliwell TR. Non-infectious inflammatory lesions of the sinonasal tract. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):32–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Ozolek JA, Carrau R, Barnes EL, Hunt JL. Nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma in older children and adults: series and immunohistochemical analysis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2005;129(11):1444–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Bullock MJ. Low-grade epithelial proliferations of the sinonasal tract. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):47–59.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. McDermott MB, Ponder TB, Dehner LP. Nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma: an upper respiratory tract analogue of the chest wall mesenchymal hamartoma. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22(4):425–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Roffman E, Baredes S, Mirani N. Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas and chondroosseous respiratory epithelial hamartomas of the sinonasal tract: a case series and literature review. Am J Rhinol. 2006;20(6):586–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Lee JT, Garg R, Brunworth J, Keschner DB, Thompson LD. Sinonasal respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas: series of 51 cases and literature review. Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2013;27(4):322–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Wenig BM, Heffner DK. Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas of the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx: a clinicopathologic study of 31 cases. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1995;104(8):639–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Stelow EB, Bishop JA. Update from the 4th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumours: tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and skull base. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(1):3–15.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  60. Fitzhugh VA, Mirani N. Respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma: a review. Head Neck Pathol. 2008;2(3):203.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  61. Lawson W, Ho BT, Shaari CM, Biller HF. Inverted papilloma: a report of 112 cases. Laryngoscope. 1995;105(3 Pt 1):282–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Maitra A, Baskin LB, Lee EL. Malignancies arising in oncocytic Schneiderian papillomas: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2001;125(10):1365–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Nudell J, Chiosea S, Thompson LD. Carcinoma ex-Schneiderian papilloma (malignant transformation): a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 20 cases combined with a comprehensive review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2014;8(3):269–86.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Bishop JA, Guo TW, Smith DF, Wang H, Ogawa T, Pai SI, et al. Human papillomavirus-related carcinomas of the sinonasal tract. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013;37(2):185–92.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  65. Syrjanen K, Syrjanen S. Detection of human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas: systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(1):181–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Lewis JS Jr. Sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: a review with emphasis on emerging histologic subtypes and the role of human papillomavirus. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):60–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  67. Lewis JS Jr, Chernock RD, Haynes W, El-Mofty SK. Low-grade papillary Schneiderian carcinoma, a unique and deceptively bland malignant neoplasm: report of a case. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015;39(5):714–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Chan JK. Virus-associated neoplasms of the nasopharynx and sinonasal tract: diagnostic problems. Mod Pathol. 2017;30(s1):S68–83.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Agaimy A, Weichert W. SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinoma. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(4):541–5.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  70. Iezzoni JC, Mills SE. “Undifferentiated” small round cell tumors of the sinonasal tract: differential diagnosis update. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;124(Suppl):S110–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Simons SA, Bridge JA, Leon ME. Sinonasal small round blue cell tumors: an approach to diagnosis. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2016;33(2):91–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Slootweg PJ, Ferlito A, Cardesa A, Thompson LD, Hunt JL, Strojan P, et al. Sinonasal tumors: a clinicopathologic update of selected tumors. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013;270(1):5–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Wenig BM. Undifferentiated malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2009;133(5):699–712.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Jo VY, Fletcher CDM. Nuclear β-catenin expression is frequent in sinonasal hemangiopericytoma and its mimics. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(2):119–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Thompson LD, Miettinen M, Wenig BM. Sinonasal-type hemangiopericytoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic analysis of 104 cases showing perivascular myoid differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27(6):737–49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Arpaci RB, Kara T, Vayisoglu Y, Ozgur A, Ozcan C. Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23(4):1194–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Oosthuizen JC, Kennedy S, Timon C. Glomangiopericytoma (sinonasal-type haemangiopericytoma). J Laryngol Otol. 2012;126(10):1069–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Vermeulen S, Ketels P, Salgado R, Creytens D, Vanderveken OM, Claes J. Solitary fibrous tumour of the nasal cavity: a case report and literature review. B-ENT. 2012;8(3):219–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Vogels RJ, Vlenterie M, Versleijen-Jonkers YM, Ruijter E, Bekers EM, Verdijk MA, et al. Solitary fibrous tumor – clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of 28 cases. Diagn Pathol. 2014;9:224.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  80. Johncilla M, Jo VY. Soft tissue tumors of the sinonasal tract. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2016;33(2):81–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Yokoi H, Arakawa A, Kuribayashi K, Inoshita A, Haruyama T, Ikeda K. An immunohistochemical study of sinonasal hemangiopericytoma. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2011;38(6):743–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Shah AA, Jeffus SK, Stelow EB. Squamous cell carcinoma variants of the upper aerodigestive tract: a comprehensive review with a focus on genetic alterations. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138(6):731–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Kilic S, Kilic SS, Kim ES, Baredes S, Mahmoud O, Gray ST, et al. Significance of human papillomavirus positivity in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017;7(10):980–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Spiro JD, Soo KC, Spiro RH. Squamous carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Surg. 1989;158(4):328–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. French CA. Pathogenesis of NUT midline carcinoma. Annu Rev Pathol. 2012;7:247–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Bell D, Hanna EY. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: morphological heterogeneity, diagnosis, management and biological markers. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2013;13(3):285–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Rytkonen AE, Hirvikoski PP, Salo TA. Lymphoepithelial carcinoma: two case reports and a systematic review of oral and sinonasal cases. Head Neck Pathol. 2011;5(4):327–34.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  88. Wadsworth B, Bumpous JM, Martin AW, Nowacki MR, Jenson AB, Farghaly H. Expression of p16 in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) without associated human papillomavirus (HPV). Head Neck Pathol. 2011;5(4):349–54.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  89. French CA. The importance of diagnosing NUT midline carcinoma. Head Neck Pathol. 2013;7(1):11–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  90. Menon S, Pai P, Sengar M, Aggarwal JP, Kane SV. Sinonasal malignancies with neuroendocrine differentiation: case series and review of literature. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2010;53(1):28–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Vokes EE, Liebowitz DN, Weichselbaum RR. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Lancet. 1997;350(9084):1087–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Haraguchi H, Ebihara S, Saikawa M, Mashima K, Haneda T, Hirano K. Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity: review of a 60-case series. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1995;25(5):188–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Shotelersuk K, Khorprasert C, Sakdikul S, Pornthanakasem W, Voravud N, Mutirangura A. Epstein-Barr virus DNA in serum/plasma as a tumor marker for nasopharyngeal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6(3):1046–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Agaimy A, Hartmann A, Antonescu CR, Chiosea SI, El-Mofty SK, Geddert H, et al. SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma: a series of 39 cases expanding the morphologic and clinicopathologic spectrum of a recently described entity. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017;41(4):458–71.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  95. Kakkar A, Antony VM, Irugu DVK, Adhikari N, Jain D. NUT midline carcinoma: a series of five cases, including one with unusual clinical course. Head Neck Pathol. 2018;12(2):230–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Edgar M, Caruso AM, Kim E, Foss RD. NUT midline carcinoma of the nasal cavity. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(3):389–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Agaimy A. Poorly differentiated sinonasal tract malignancies: a review focusing on recently described entities. Cesk Patol. 2016;52(3):146–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Van Gompel JJ, Giannini C, Olsen KD, Moore E, Piccirilli M, Foote RL, et al. Long-term outcome of esthesioneuroblastoma: hyams grade predicts patient survival. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2012;73(5):331–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  99. Bell D, Saade R, Roberts D, Ow TJ, Kupferman M, DeMonte F, et al. Prognostic utility of Hyams histological grading and Kadish-Morita staging systems for esthesioneuroblastoma outcomes. Head Neck Pathol. 2015;9(1):51–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Dulguerov P, Allal AS, Calcaterra TC. Esthesioneuroblastoma: a meta-analysis and review. Lancet Oncol. 2001;2(11):683–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Gay LM, Kim S, Fedorchak K, Kundranda M, Odia Y, Nangia C, et al. Comprehensive genomic profiling of esthesioneuroblastoma reveals additional treatment options. Oncologist. 2017;22(7):834–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  102. Czapiewski P, Gorczynski A, Haybaeck J, Okon K, Reszec J, Skrzypczak W, et al. Expression pattern of ISL-1, TTF-1 and PAX5 in olfactory neuroblastoma. Pol J Pathol. 2016;67(2):130–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Elkhatib AH, Soldatova L, Carrau RL, Hachem RA, Ditzel L, Campbell R, et al. Role of (18) F-FDG PET/CT differentiating olfactory neuroblastoma from sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Laryngoscope. 2017;127(2):321–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Song CM, Won TB, Lee CH, Kim DY, Rhee CS. Treatment modalities and outcomes of olfactory neuroblastoma. Laryngoscope. 2012;122(11):2389–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Resto VA, Eisele DW, Forastiere A, Zahurak M, Lee DJ, Westra WH. Esthesioneuroblastoma: the Johns Hopkins experience. Head Neck. 2000;22(6):550–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Thompson LD. Olfactory neuroblastoma. Head Neck Pathol. 2009;3(3):252–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  107. Prasad ML, Busam KJ, Patel SG, Hoshaw-Woodard S, Shah JP, Huvos AG. Clinicopathologic differences in malignant melanoma arising in oral squamous and sinonasal respiratory mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127(8):997–1002.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Thompson LD. Sinonasal tract mucosal melanoma. Ear Nose Throat J. 2014;93(10–11):E49–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Breik O, Sim F, Wong T, Nastri A, Iseli TA, Wiesenfeld D. Survival outcomes of mucosal melanoma in the head and neck: case series and review of current treatment guidelines. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;74(9):1859–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Clifton N, Harrison L, Bradley PJ, Jones NS. Malignant melanoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: report of 24 patients and literature review. J Laryngol Otol. 2011;125(5):479–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Dreno M, Georges M, Espitalier F, Ferron C, Charnole A, Dreno B, et al. Sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a 44-case study and literature analysis. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2017;134(4):237–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Mochel MC, Duncan LM, Piris A, Kraft S. Primary mucosal melanoma of the sinonasal tract: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of thirty-two cases. Head Neck Pathol. 2015;9(2):236–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Montone KT. The differential diagnosis of sinonasal/nasopharyngeal neuroendocrine/neuroectodermally derived tumors. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(12):1498–507.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Lopez F, Rodrigo JP, Cardesa A, Triantafyllou A, Devaney KO, Mendenhall WM, et al. Update on primary head and neck mucosal melanoma. Head Neck. 2016;38(1):147–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Thompson LD, Wieneke JA, Miettinen M. Sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal melanomas: a clinicopathologic study of 115 cases with a proposed staging system. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27(5):594–611.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Bauer DE, Mitchell CM, Strait KM, Lathan CS, Stelow EB, Luer SC, et al. Clinicopathologic features and long-term outcomes of NUT midline carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2012;18(20):5773–9.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  117. Hafezi S, Seethala RR, Stelow EB, Mills SE, Leong IT, MacDuff E, et al. Ewing’s family of tumors of the sinonasal tract and maxillary bone. Head Neck Pathol. 2011;5(1):8–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Wurm J, Constantinidis J, Grabenbauer GG, Iro H. Rhabdomyosarcomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses: treatment results in 15 cases. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2005;133(1):42–50.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Sanghvi S, Misra P, Patel NR, Kalyoussef E, Baredes S, Eloy JA. Incidence trends and long-term survival analysis of sinonasal rhabdomyosarcoma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013;34(6):682–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Callender TA, Weber RS, Janjan N, Benjamin R, Zaher M, Wolf P, et al. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in adults and children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995;112(2):252–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Li S, Feng X, Li T, Zhang S, Zuo Z, Lin P, et al. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type: a report of 73 cases at MD Anderson Cancer Center. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013;37(1):14–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Vazquez A, Khan MN, Blake DM, Sanghvi S, Baredes S, Eloy JA. Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: a population-based comparison of sinonasal and extranasal disease. Laryngoscope. 2014;124(4):888–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Allam A, El-Husseiny G, Khafaga Y, Kandil A, Gray A, Ezzat A, et al. Ewing’s sarcoma of the head and neck: a retrospective analysis of 24 cases. Sarcoma. 1999;3(1):11–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  124. Holsinger FC, Hafemeister AC, Hicks MJ, Sulek M, Huh WW, Friedman EM. Differential diagnosis of pediatric tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: a 45-year multi-institutional review. Ear Nose Throat J. 2010;89(11):534–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Thompson LD. Small round blue cell tumors of the sinonasal tract: a differential diagnosis approach. Mod Pathol. 2017;30(s1):S1–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Bishop JA, Alaggio R, Zhang L, Seethala RR, Antonescu CR. Adamantinoma-like Ewing family tumors of the head and neck: a pitfall in the differential diagnosis of basaloid and myoepithelial carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015;39(9):1267–74.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  127. Lombardi D, Bottazzoli M, Turri-Zanoni M, Raffetti E, Villaret AB, Morassi ML, et al. Sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a 12-year experience of 58 cases. Head Neck. 2016;38(Suppl 1):E1737–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Kuan EC, Diaz MF, Chiu AG, Bergsneider M, Wang MB, Suh JD. Sinonasal and skull base pleomorphic adenoma: a case series and literature review. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2015;5(5):460–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Acevedo JL, Nolan J, Markwell JK, Thompson D. Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal cavity: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J. 2010;89(5):224–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Thompson LD, Penner C, Ho NJ, Foss RD, Miettinen M, Wieneke JA, et al. Sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 86 cases. Head Neck Pathol. 2014;8(1):88–109.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Baron S, Koka V, El Chater P, Cucherousset J, Paoli C. Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2014;131(2):139–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Bishop JA, Andreasen S, Hang JF, Bullock MJ, Chen TY, Franchi A, et al. HPV-related multiphenotypic sinonasal carcinoma: an expanded series of 49 cases of the tumor formerly known as HPV-related carcinoma with adenoid cystic carcinoma-like features. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017;41(12):1690–701.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  133. Wenig BM. Recently described sinonasal tract lesions/neoplasms: considerations for the New World Health Organization book. Head Neck Pathol. 2014;8(1):33–41.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  134. Barnes L. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Am J Surg Pathol. 1986;10(3):192–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Vivanco Allende B, Perez-Escuredo J, Fuentes Martinez N, Fresno Forcelledo MF, Llorente Pendas JL, Hermsen M. Intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemical profile of 66 cases. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2013;64(2):115–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Projetti F, Serrano E, Vergez S, Bissainthe AC, Delisle MB, Uro-Coste E. Is neuroendocrine differentiation useful to discriminate primary sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinomas from metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas? J Clin Pathol. 2015;68(1):79–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Camp S, Van Gerven L, Poorten VV, Nuyts S, Hermans R, Hauben E, et al. Long-term follow-up of 123 patients with adenocarcinoma of the sinonasal tract treated with endoscopic resection and postoperative radiation therapy. Head Neck. 2016;38(2):294–300.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Kleinsasser O, Schroeder HG. Adenocarcinomas of the inner nose after exposure to wood dust. Morphological findings and relationships between histopathology and clinical behavior in 79 cases. Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 1988;245(1):1–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Leivo I. Sinonasal adenocarcinoma: update on classification, immunophenotype and molecular features. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):68–74.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  140. Kakkar A, Rajeshwari M, Sakthivel P, Sharma MC, Sharma SC. Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma: a series of six cases with evaluation of role of beta-catenin immunohistochemistry in differential diagnosis. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2018;33:6–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Lewis JT, Oliveira AM, Nascimento AG, Schembri-Wismayer D, Moore EA, Olsen KD, et al. Low-grade sinonasal sarcoma with neural and myogenic features: a clinicopathologic analysis of 28 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012;36(4):517–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Powers KA, Han LM, Chiu AG, Aly FZ. Low-grade sinonasal sarcoma with neural and myogenic features – diagnostic challenge and pathogenic insight. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2015;119(5):e265–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Rooper LM, Huang SC, Antonescu CR, Westra WH, Bishop JA. Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma: an expanded immunoprofile including consistent nuclear beta-catenin positivity and absence of SOX10 expression. Hum Pathol. 2016;55:44–50.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  144. Guo R, Folpe AL. Extensively myxoid and hyalinized sinonasal capillary hemangiomas: a clinicopathologic study of 16 cases of a distinctive and potentially confusing hemangioma variant. Am J Surg Pathol. 2015;39(11):1584–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Fletcher CD. Distinctive soft tissue tumors of the head and neck. Mod Pathol. 2002;15(3):324–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Nelson BL, Thompson LD. Sinonasal tract angiosarcoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 10 cases with a review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2007;1(1):1–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  147. Patel TD, Carniol ET, Vazquez A, Baredes S, Liu JK, Eloy JA. Sinonasal fibrosarcoma: analysis of the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2016;6(2):201–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Smith SC, Patel RM, Lucas DR, McHugh JB. Sinonasal lobular capillary hemangioma: a clinicopathologic study of 34 cases characterizing potential for local recurrence. Head Neck Pathol. 2013;7(2):129–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Gore MR. Treatment, outcomes, and demographics in sinonasal sarcoma: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord. 2018;18:4.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  150. Kauke M, Safi AF, Grandoch A, Nickenig HJ, Zoller J, Kreppel M. Sarcomas of the sinonasal tract. Head Neck. 2018;40(6):1279–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Subramaniam MM, Shuen CS, Petersson F. Poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma of the sphenoid sinus: report of the first case and review of synovial sarcomas of the sinonasal tract. Histopathology. 2012;61(6):1232–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Wang CP, Chang YL, Ting LL, Yang TL, Ko JY, Lou PJ. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the sinonasal tract. Head Neck. 2009;31(1):85–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Szablewski V, Neuville A, Terrier P, Lae M, Schaub R, Garrel R, et al. Adult sinonasal soft tissue sarcoma: analysis of 48 cases from the French Sarcoma Group database. Laryngoscope. 2015;125(3):615–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Bishop JA. Newly described tumor entities in sinonasal tract pathology. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):23–31.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  155. Agaimy A, Semrau S, Koch M, Thompson LDR. Sinonasal leiomyosarcoma: clinicopathological analysis of nine cases with emphasis on common association with other malignancies and late distant metastasis. Head Neck Pathol. 2018;12(4):463–70.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Thompson LD. Sinonasal tract glomangiopericytoma (hemangiopericytoma). Ear Nose Throat J. 2004;83(12):807.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Crane GM, Duffield AS. Hematolymphoid lesions of the sinonasal tract. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2016;33(2):71–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. D’Aguillo C, Soni RS, Gordhan C, Liu JK, Baredes S, Eloy JA. Sinonasal extramedullary plasmacytoma: a systematic review of 175 patients. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2014;4(2):156–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Sandner A, Surov A, Bach AG, Kosling S. Primary extranodal Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the orbital and paranasal region-a retrospective study. Eur J Radiol. 2013;82(2):302–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Vahamurto P, Silventoinen K, Vento SI, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Haapaniemi A, Back L, et al. Clinical findings of extranodal SNT lymphoid malignancies in a four-decade single-centre series. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;273(11):3839–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Vento SI, Vahamurto P, Silventoinen K, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Mannisto S, Leppa S, et al. Clinical findings in 25 patients with sinonasal or nasopharyngeal extramedullary plasmacytoma in a four-decade single-centre series. Acta Otolaryngol. 2017;137(9):975–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. Brown NA, Elenitoba-Johnson KS. Update from the 4th edition of the World Health Organization classification of head and neck tumours: hematolymphoid tumours. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(1):96–109.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  163. Thakral B, Zhou J, Medeiros LJ. Extranodal hematopoietic neoplasms and mimics in the head and neck: an update. Hum Pathol. 2015;46(8):1079–100.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Foucar E, Rosai J, Dorfman R. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): review of the entity. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1990;7(1):19–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Wenig BM, Abbondanzo SL, Childers EL, Kapadia SB, Heffner DR. Extranodal sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) of the head and neck. Hum Pathol. 1993;24(5):483–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  166. Ku PK, Tong MC, Leung CY, Pak MW, van Hasselt CA. Nasal manifestation of extranodal Rosai-Dorfman disease – diagnosis and management. J Laryngol Otol. 1999;113(3):275–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Rosai J, Dorfman RF. Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy: a pseudolymphomatous benign disorder. Analysis of 34 cases. Cancer. 1972;30(5):1174–88.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  168. Chang CW, Wang TE, Chen LT, Chang WH, Leu YS, Fan YK, et al. Unusual presentation of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in the nasal septum: a case report and review of the literature. Med Oncol (Northwood, London, England). 2008;25(3):264–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  169. Choong CV, Tang T, Chay WY, Goh C, Tay MH, Zam NA, et al. Nasal metastases from renal cell carcinoma are associated with Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center poor-prognosis classification. Chin J Cancer. 2011;30(2):144–8.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  170. Weng B, Wang Q, Lin S, Lu Y. Nasal cavity metastasis of breast cancer: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(10):7028–33.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  171. Yathiraj PH, Patil A, Ghosh-Laskar S. Nasal mucosal metastasis in a case of carcinoma esophagus: case report and review of literature. J Cancer Res Ther. 2015;11(3):655.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  172. Zhenwei C, Zhaoming W, Hongqi S, Qinwei L. Renal cell-like carcinoma of the nasal cavity: a case report and review of the literature. Diagn Pathol. 2017;12(1):75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Wick MR. Primary lesions that may imitate metastatic tumors histologically: a selective review. Semin Diagn Pathol. 2018;35(2):123–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Kubik M, Barasch N, Choby G, Seethala R, Snyderman C. Sinonasal renal cell-like carcinoma: case report and review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol. 2017;11(3):333–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Thompson LDR, Fanburg-Smith JC. Update on select benign mesenchymal and meningothelial sinonasal tract lesions. Head Neck Pathol. 2016;10(1):95–108.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  176. Parida PK. Renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the sinonasal region: three case reports with a review of the literature. Ear Nose Throat J. 2012;91(11):E11–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Hyrcza MD, Ezzat S, Mete O, Asa SL. Pituitary adenomas presenting as sinonasal or nasopharyngeal masses: a case series illustrating potential diagnostic pitfalls. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017;41(4):525–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Bell D, Hanna EY, Weber RS, DeMonte F, Triantafyllou A, Lewis JS Jr, et al. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the sinonasal region. Head Neck. 2016;38(Suppl 1):E2259–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  179. Lazarev S, Gupta V, Hu K, Harrison LB, Bakst R. Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;90(5):1108–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Keller DS, Thomay AA, Gaughan J, Olszanski A, Wu H, Berger AC, et al. Outcomes in patients with mucosal melanomas. J Surg Oncol. 2013;108(8):516–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Lourenco SV, Fernandes JD, Hsieh R, Coutinho-Camillo CM, Bologna S, Sangueza M, et al. Head and neck mucosal melanoma: a review. Am J Dermatopathol. 2014;36(7):578–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Vandenhende C, Leroy X, Chevalier D, Mortuaire G. Sinonasal mucosal melanoma: retrospective survival study of 25 patients. J Laryngol Otol. 2012;126(2):147–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  183. Groh M, Pagnoux C, Baldini C, Bel E, Bottero P, Cottin V, et al. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) (EGPA) consensus task force recommendations for evaluation and management. Eur J Intern Med. 2015;26(7):545–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  184. Armengot M, Garcia-Lliberos A, Gomez MJ, Navarro A, Martorell A. Sinonasal involvement in systemic vasculitides and cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions: diagnostic controversies. Allergy Rhinol (Providence, RI). 2013;4(2):e94–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Perez Alamino R, Espinoza LR. Vasculitis mimics: cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions. Am J Med Sci. 2013;346(5):430–1.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Pathology/Oral Pathology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Riya Kuklani

  2. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Aatika Malik

  3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Kathleen T. Montone

  4. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Rutgers University, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

    He Wang

Authors
  1. Riya Kuklani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aatika Malik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kathleen T. Montone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. He Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to He Wang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duke Health, Duke University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Section of Head and Neck and Endocrine Pathology, Durham, NC, USA

    Danielle Elliott Range

  2. Duke Health, Duke University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Section of Head and Neck and Endocrine Pathology, Durham, NC, USA

    Xiaoyin “Sara” Jiang

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Kuklani, R., Malik, A., Montone, K.T., Wang, H. (2019). Sinonasal Tract. In: Elliott Range, D., “Sara” Jiang, X. (eds) Practical Head and Neck Pathology. Practical Anatomic Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10623-2_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10623-2_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10622-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10623-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation