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Proteases from Extremophilic Fungi: A Tool for White Biotechnology

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Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

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Abstract

Proteases are enzymes that degrade proteinaceous materials and find applications in detergents, leather, food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and bioremediation. They are produced by plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. Among all, fungi produce acidic, neutral, and alkaline proteases, whereas bacteria produce only alkaline and neutral proteases. Despite the availability of microbial proteases in huge amounts, less number of proteases has been commercialized due to high cost and less stability to withstand harsh conditions in industrial processes. To meet the industrial demand, proteases have been engineered using genomic tools including recombinant DNA technology, site-directed mutagenesis, codon optimization, and nucleotide shuffling for enhanced expression. On the other hand, fungi living in extreme habitats have gained considerable importance for producing efficient proteases which can easily withstand conditions applied in industrial processes. Moreover, the downstream processing and recovery of fungal proteases is easy and cost-effective which is a major obstacle in industrial processes. Therefore, fungal proteases have high industrial demand due to stability and catalytic activity, broad diversity, and substrate specificity required in various bioengineering and biotechnological applications. This chapter illustrates type of proteases and their sources, characteristic properties, and their engineering for various biotechnological applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to SEED Division, DST, for financial support under the project SP/YO/125/2017. The authors also acknowledge UCRD, Chandigarh University, for providing necessary infrastructure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture and Forestry (Dr. Y.S Parmar - University of Horticulture and Forestry), Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Richa Salwan

  2. University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India

    Vivek Sharma

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  2. Vivek Sharma
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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. QCQA Laboratory, Biotech Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shashank Mishra

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangram Singh

  4. Department of Biology, Sri Avadh Raj Singh Smarak Degree College, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Arti Gupta

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Salwan, R., Sharma, V. (2019). Proteases from Extremophilic Fungi: A Tool for White Biotechnology. In: Yadav, A., Mishra, S., Singh, S., Gupta, A. (eds) Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10480-1_9

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