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Biosynthesis of Fungal Chitinolytic Enzymes and Their Potent Biotechnological Appliances

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Book cover Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Chitin is the world’s second most abundant polysaccharide (after cellulose) and most plenteous amino-polysaccharide in environment. Its recalcitrant structure contributes mechanical strength to the chitin-bearing organisms. Chitinolytic enzymes or chitinases are group of glycosyl hydrolases which collectively and ultimately breaks chitin to its building block N-acetylglucosamine. Chitinolytic enzymes are ubiquitous among most of the living taxa, starting from bacteria to human beings, where they play different imperative biological functions. In spite of its cosmopolitan distribution in nature, chitinase from microorganisms are extensively explored. Chitinase has engrossed worldwide colossal attention due to its widespread applicability in biocontrol, biomedical, waste management, and pharmaceutical sectors, and owing to these employments, there is a steady increment in the demand of chitinases in present scenario. Perusal of literature attested that among the reports on microbial chitinase, a fungus contributes a lion’s share. In fungi, chitinase plays multiple physiological roles including degradation of indigenous and exogenous chitin. Classical fermentation method in optimized condition is generally applied for the production of chitinase, whereas with the advent and advancement of genetic engineering, overproduction/overexpression of chitinase is now becoming a fascinated approach. In the present deliberation, biosynthesis of fungal chitinolytic enzymes, their classification, physiological role, potential applications, and future perspectives are outlined and highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the authority of Vidyasagar University and BIF Centre of the University for carrying out research in the relevant field. Corresponding author deeply acknowledged Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, for financial support as DST-INSPIRE fellowship. There are no conflicts of interest.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Suman Kumar Halder, Shilpee Pal & Keshab Chandra Mondal

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  1. Suman Kumar Halder
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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. QCQA Laboratory, Biotech Park, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Shashank Mishra

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sangram Singh

  4. Department of Biology, Sri Avadh Raj Singh Smarak Degree College, Gonda, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Arti Gupta

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Halder, S.K., Pal, S., Mondal, K.C. (2019). Biosynthesis of Fungal Chitinolytic Enzymes and Their Potent Biotechnological Appliances. In: Yadav, A., Mishra, S., Singh, S., Gupta, A. (eds) Recent Advancement in White Biotechnology Through Fungi. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10480-1_8

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