Abstract
The use of Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIB) increase every year. Warranty for LIB in vehicles is often about 7 years. Laptop LIBs last less than half that time. Battery packs from both computers and vehicles can be used for stationary energy storage. After a second life used for energy storage, material recycling of especially Co and Li is important both from financial and resource perspective. In EU, there are about ten plants that with different technologies recycle mainly Co and Cu. Experiences from EU will be presented.
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© 2019 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
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Forsgren, C. (2019). Lithium-Ion Batteries, How to Generate Value Out of End of Life Mobile Units. In: Gaustad, G., et al. REWAS 2019. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10386-6_30
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10386-6_30
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10385-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10386-6
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