Skip to main content

Abstract

Climate change is inevitable as it is manifested worldwide, and poses a fundamental and unprecedented threat to all sectors, regions and societies. This chapter highlights the background on climate change, and discusses the post COP 21 and COP 22 climate actions. It also highlights the size of the problem of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change risks. In addition, this chapter addresses the importance of sustainable development implementation in cities as a path to adapt to climate change. Furthermore, it presents the structure of the book, which is divided into two parts and encompasses eight chapters (including this chapter). Finally, a note from the lead author is presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. “Hu Jintao’s Speech on Climate Change”, The New York Times, 22 September 2009. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/23/world/asia/23hu.text.html. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  2. Safi, M., “Angela Merkel pressures Australia to reveal its greenhouse gas targets”, The Guardian, 17 November 2014. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/17/angela-merkel-pressures-australia-to-reveal-its-greenhouse-gas-targets. (Accessed: April 3, 2017).

  3. McCurry, J., “Typhoon Jebi: Japan hit by strongest storm of 25 years”, The Guardian, 4 September 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/04/typhoon-jebi-japan-hit-by-strongest-storm-for-25-years. (Accessed: October 8, 2018).

  4. “Typhoon Mangkhut battered the Philippines and coastal China, killing 69 and injuring dozens more”, Business Insider, 17 September 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.com/typhoon-mangkhut-death-toll-china-philippines-hong-kong-2018-9. (Accessed: October 8, 2018).

  5. “Understanding Risks (2012). Best practice in Disaster Risk Assessment, Proceedings from the UR 2012 Forum”, The World Bank, [Online]. Available at: https://understandrisk.org/wp-content/uploads/ur2012_proceedings.pdf. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  6. Ban Ki-moon Quotes, “Ban Ki-moon Quotes”, [Online]. Available at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/ban_kimoon_643779#IlvMZiTtFQzg09og.99. (Accessed: April 3, 2017).

  7. Harris, J. M., Roach, B., and Codur, A., “The Economics of Global Climate Change, Global Development and Environment Institute”, 2017. [Online]. Available at: http://ase.tufts.edu/gdae. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  8. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), “Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability”, Cambridge University Press, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  9. “Marrakech Climate Change Conference - November 2016”, [Online]. Available at: https://unfccc.int/marrakech-climate-change-conference-november-2016. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  10. Vidal, J. et al, “World leaders hail Paris climate deal as ‘major leap for mankind”, The Guardian, 13 December 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/13. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  11. Phillips, T., Harvey, F., and Yuhas, A., “Breakthrough as US and China agree to ratify Paris climate deal”, The Guardian, 2016. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/sep/03/breakthrough-us-china-agree-ratify-paris-climate-change-deal. (Accessed: October 2, 2018).

  12. “Global Energy Transformation: A Roadmap to 2050, Executive Summary”, IRENA, 2018.

    Google Scholar 

  13. “Global Energy Transformation: A Roadmap to 2050”, IRENA, 2018. [Online]. Available at: http://www.irena.org/publications/2018/Apr/Global-Energy-Transition-A-Roadmap-to-2050. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  14. “GUATEMALA- CCS works with RTI International on USAID-funded Guatemala Low Emissions Development Strategies Project”, Center for Climate Strategies, 2018. [Online]. Available at: http://www.climatestrategies.us/international_actions/international_actions/view/8. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  15. “World Data Atlas”, Knoema, [Online]. Available at: https://knoema.com/atlas/. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  16. “Cleaner Energy Saving Mediterranean Cities CES-MED), SECAP document”, The European Commission, 2017. [Online]. Available at: http://www.ces-med.eu/publications/seap-documents. (Accessed: October 5, 2018).

  17. “Harvey floods in Texas”, The Guardian, 2017. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/live/2017/aug/31/texas-flooding-chemical-plant-harvey-live/. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  18. “JABI typhoon”, Japan Times, 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/07/23/national/temperature-tokyo-hits-nationwide-high-year-mercury-rises-40-8-western-city-ome/#.W8ICkHszZ6o/. (Accessed: July 19, 2018).

  19. HOPPS, K., “Japan heat wave 2018: Japan declares NATURAL DISASTER - death toll mounts”, Express, 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://www.express.co.uk/news/weather/993592/japan-heatwave-2018-natural-disaster-death-toll-tokyo-weather-forecast. (Accessed: October 3, 2018).

  20. Simon, F., “Scientists see ‘clear evidence’ of climate change behind 2017 heat wave”, Euractiv, 2017. [Online]. Available at: https://www.euractiv.com/section/climate-environment/news/scientists-see-clear-evidence-of-climate-change-behind-2017-heatwave/. (Accessed: October 5, 2018).

  21. “Record drought grips Germany’s breadbasket”, Phys.Org, 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://phys.org/news/2018-07-drought-germany-breadbasket.html. (Accessed: September 24, 2018).

  22. “Adaptation to Climate Change in the Middle East and North Africa Region”, The World Bank, [Online]. Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/archive/website01418/WEB/0__C-152.HTM. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  23. “Responding to Climate Change”, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, [Online]. Available at: https://climate.nasa.gov/solutions/adaptation-mitigation/. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  24. “International resource panel, 10 key messages on Climate Change”, UNEP, [Online]. Available at: http://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/21558/IRP_10key_messages_climate_change.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. (Accessed: September 24, 2018).

  25. “OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050: The Consequences of Inaction - Key Facts and Figures”, OECD, 2018. [Online]. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/env/indicators-modelling-outlooks/oecdenvironmentaloutlookto2050theconsequencesofinaction-keyfactsandfigures.htm. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  26. “Climate change”, OECD, 2018. [Online]. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/env/cc/. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  27. Leahy, S., “Vancouver commits to run on 100% renewable energy”, The Guardian, 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/apr/10/vancouver-commits-to-run-on-100-renewable-energy. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  28. “International Energy Outlook 2018”, EIA, 2018. [Online]. Available at: https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/ieo/. (Accessed: October 1, 2018).

  29. “Water Is Focus of Climate Change in Middle East and North Africa”, The World Bank, [Online]. Available at: http://web.worldbank.org/archive/website01418/WEB/0__C-151.HTM. (Accessed: September 29, 2018).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Aboulnaga, M.M., Elwan, A.F., Elsharouny, M.R. (2019). Introduction. In: Urban Climate Change Adaptation in Developing Countries. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05405-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05405-2_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-05404-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-05405-2

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics