Skip to main content

What Happens When Microfinance Programmes Are Withdrawn? A Conceptual Framework for Analysing Causal Effects

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Emerging Challenges and Innovations in Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
  • 482 Accesses

Abstract

Most microfinance impact studies have focused on measuring the causal impact of introducing a new microfinance institution (MFI) on business and household development indicators. However, over the last decade, the microfinance community has witnessed the unfortunate termination of a number of microfinance institutions in several developing countries. This paper develops a conceptual framework for measuring the causal impact, and obtaining a comprehensive analysis of the consequences, of withdrawing microfinance programmes. The conceptual framework is suitable for both academic research for robust impact evaluation and policy makers for comprehensive assessment of the overall impact of withdrawing microfinance programmes. A practical example of the application of this framework is provided for analysing the termination of non-bank MFIs in Uzbekistan.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    In this chapter, we do not present a detailed and extended econometric analysis of causal effects as this merits separate, stand-alone academic papers that are in progress.

  2. 2.

    Based on UN and Work Bank statistics as of 2018.

  3. 3.

    In this version, we present mainly generalised results. Detailed estimation procedures for each level are forthcoming in a separate paper.

References

  • Ahlin, C., & Jiang, N. (2008). Can Micro-Credit Bring Development. Journal of Development Economics, 86, 1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahlin, C., Lin, J., & Maio, M. (2011). Where Does Microfinance Flourish? Microfinance Institution Performance in Macroeconomic Context. Journal of Development Economics, 95, 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alimukhamedova, N. (2014). Microfinance Environment in Uzbekistan: Analysis of Supply and Demand, Institute for East and Southeast European Studies. IOS Working Project No. 344, Regensburg, Germany: Institute for East and Southeast European Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alimukhamedova, N., Filer, R., & Hanousek, J. (2017). The Importance of Geographic Access for the Impact of Microfinance. Development Policy Review, 35, 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Banerjee, A. V., Breza, E., Duflo, E., & Kinnan, C. (2017). Do Credit Constraints Limit Entrepreneurship? Heterogeneity in the Returns to Microfinance. Heterogeneity in the Returns to Microfinance (September 1, 2017), Buffett Institute Global Poverty Research Lab Working Paper, (17–104).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauchet, J., Marshall, C., Starita, L., Thomas, J., & Yalouris, A. (2011, December). Latest Findings from Randomized Evaluations of Microfinance. In Access to Finance Forum (Vol. 2). Washington, DC: CGAP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Maksimovic, V. (2008). Financing Patterns Around the World: Are Small Firms Different? Journal of Financial Economics, 89(3), 467–487.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berggren, N., Bergh, A., & Bjørnskov, C. (2012). The Growth Effects of Institutional Instability. Journal of Institutional Economics, 8(2), 187–224. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137411000488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berggren, N., & Bjørnskov, C. (2017). The Market-Promoting and Market-Preserving Role of Social Trust in Reforms of Policies and Institutions. Southern Economic Journal, 84(1), 3–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berggren, N., Daunfeldt, S., & Hellström, J. (2016). Does Social Trust Speed Up Reforms? The Case of Central-Bank Independence. Journal of Institutional Economics, 12(2), 395–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berggren, N., Elinder, M., & Jordahl, H. (2008). Trust and Growth: A Shaky Relationship. Empirical Economics, 35(2), 251–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berggren, N., Jordahl, H., & Poutvaara, P. (2017). The Right Look: Conservative Politicians Look Better and Voters Reward It. Journal of Public Economics, 146(February), 79–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bergh, A., & Bjørnskov, C. (2011). Historical Trust Levels Predict the Current Size of the Welfare State. Kyklos, 64(1), 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bjørnskov, C., & Méon, P. (2015). The Productivity of Trust. World Development, 70, 317–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breza, E., & Kinnan, C. (2018). Measuring the Equilibrium Impacts of Credit: Evidence from the Indian Microfinance Crisis. (No. w24329). National Bureau of Economic Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buera, F., Kaboski, J., & Shin, Y. (2017). The Macroeconomics of Microfinance. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 17905.

    Google Scholar 

  • Camussi, S., Mancini, A., & Tommasino, P. (2018). Does Trust Influence Social Expenditures? Evidence from Local Governments. Kyklos, 71(1), 59–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Card, D., & Krueger, A. (1994). Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. American Economic Review, 84(4), 772–793.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S., & Ruthven, O. (2009). Portfolios of the Poor: How the World’s Poor Live on $2 a Day. Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duvendack, M., Palmer-Jones, R., Copestake, J., Hooper, L., Loke, Y., & Rao, N. (2011). What Is the Evidence of the Impact of Microfinance on the Well-Being of Poor People? London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fouillet, C., Hudon, M., Harriss-White, B., & Copestake, J. (2013). Microfinance Studies: Introduction and Overview. Oxford Development Studies, 41(sup1), S1–S16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2013.790360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guerin, I., Labie, M., & Servet, J.-M. (Eds.). (2015). The Crisis of Microcredit. Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., & Zingales, L. (2004). The Role of Social Capital in Financial Development. The American Economic Review, 94(3), 526–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imai, K., Gaiha, R., Thapa, G., & Annim, S. (2012). Microfinance and Poverty – A Macro Perspective. World Development, 40, 1675–1689.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, R., & Levine, R. (1993). Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), 717–737.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, J., & Ang, J. (2016). Finance-Led Growth in the OECD Since the Nineteenth Century: How Does Financial Development Transmit to Growth? Review of Economics and Statistics, 98(3), 552–572.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marconi, R., & Mosley, P. (2005). Bolivia During the Global Crisis 1998–2004: Towards a Macroeconomics of Microfinance. Sheffield Economic Research Paper Series, No. 2057, 1–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Microcredit Crisis Prevention Dashboard. (2016). Microfinance in Crisis. Research and Policy Briefs, No. 9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Microfinance Information eXchange, National Association of Microcredit Organizations and Credit Unions, United Nations Development Program. (2011). Анализ и сравнительные показатели микрофинансирования: Узбекистан 2010 [Analysis and the Benchmarking of Microfinance: Uzbekistan 2010].

    Google Scholar 

  • Microfinance Focus. (2011). 6 Microfinance Crises That the Sector Does Not Want to Remember. Microfinance Focus, April 22. Retrieved from http://www.microfinancefocus.com/6-microfinance-crises-sector-does-not-want-remember

  • Mujkovic, A. (2010). Microcrediting in Bosnia and Herzegovina: What Went Wrong? Retrieved from Microfinance Gateway Publications, CGAP: http://www.microfinancegateway.org/p/site/m//template.rc/1.9.42370

  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research Methods for Business Students. New York: Pearson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanroose, A. (2007). Microfinance and Its Macro-Environment. MicroBanking Bulletin, No. 14, 22–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanroose, A. (2008). What Macro Factors Make Microfinance Institutions Reach Out? Solvay Business School Working Paper No. 08/036, 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanroose, A., & D’Espallier, B. (2013). Do Microfinance Institutions Accomplish Their Mission? Evidence from the Relationship Between Traditional Financial Sector Development and Microfinance Institutions’ Outreach and Performance. Applied Economics, 45(15), 1965–1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Rooyen, C., Stewart, R., & De Wet, T. (2012). The Impact of Microfinance in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. World Development, 40(11), 2249–2262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zak, P., & Knack, S. (2001). Trust and Growth. Economic Journal, 111(470), 295–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nargiza Alimukhamedova .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Alimukhamedova, N. (2019). What Happens When Microfinance Programmes Are Withdrawn? A Conceptual Framework for Analysing Causal Effects. In: O'Connor, M., Silva Afonso, J. (eds) Emerging Challenges and Innovations in Microfinance and Financial Inclusion . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05261-4_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05261-4_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-05260-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-05261-4

  • eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics