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Chemosensory Proteins: A Versatile Binding Family

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Olfactory Concepts of Insect Control - Alternative to insecticides

Abstract

Chemosensory Proteins (CSPs), a family of small soluble polypeptides, own their name to their highly abundant expression in chemosensory organs of insects. However, CSPs are extremely versatile and perform different tasks in chemical communication, but also in unrelated functions, such as development and insecticide resistance. Their multifunction is certainly linked to their simple structure and easy refolding.

In insect chemoreception, they may perform functions similar to OBPs (Odorant-binding Proteins), another class of soluble polypeptides able to bind pheromones and odorants. Both families of proteins are reported to play roles in detecting and releasing semiochemicals with specific tasks according to species. In the first part of this review, after a brief historical introduction on their discovery, we describe structural aspects and binding properties of CSPs and compare such features with those of OBPs. Evolutionary aspects are also discussed with attention on the expansion of the CSP family across insect orders and species. The second part is focused on CSPs expressed in non-sensory organs and their possible physiological functions. Most of these proteins have been reported in pheromone glands, where they likely assist the release of chemical messages in the environment. Other functions have been reported in relation to solubilization of essential nutrients during feeding, embryo development and regeneration of amputated limbs, as well as resistance to insecticides. Finally, given the compact structure and stability of CSPs, their potential uses as biosensing elements, scavengers for noxious compounds and reservoirs for slow release of fragrances and other volatiles are proposed and discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China

    Jiao Zhu, Paolo Pelosi & Guirong Wang

  2. Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy

    Immacolata Iovinella & Francesca Romana Dani

  3. AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Tulln, Austria

    Paolo Pelosi

Authors
  1. Jiao Zhu
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  2. Immacolata Iovinella
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  3. Francesca Romana Dani
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  4. Paolo Pelosi
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  5. Guirong Wang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Paolo Pelosi or Guirong Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Bioengineering, QILU University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Jean-François Picimbon

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Zhu, J., Iovinella, I., Dani, F.R., Pelosi, P., Wang, G. (2019). Chemosensory Proteins: A Versatile Binding Family. In: Picimbon, JF. (eds) Olfactory Concepts of Insect Control - Alternative to insecticides. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05165-5_6

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