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Biomedical Applications of Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites

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Polymer Nanocomposites in Biomedical Engineering

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Bioengineering ((LNBE))

Abstract

This book chapter details the recent and very recent work on biomedical applications of hydroxyapatite nanocomposites. Single component of hydroxyapatite has not fulfilled the all obligation of biomedical process. The hydroxyapatite-reinforced polymer nanocomposites imitate the inhabitant tissue microenvironment due to their porous and molecular structure. An emerging approach has been involved as the reinforced polymeric compounds and to include multiple functionalities. Wide ranges of nanocomposites such as carbon-based, polymeric, ceramic, and metallic nanomaterial can be integrated within the hydrogel network to obtain nanocomposites with superior properties and tailored functionality. Hydroxyapatite nanocomposites can be engineered to possess superior physical, chemical, electrical, and biological properties. Mainly this book chapter deals with the hydroxyapatite composites applied for various application specifically tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene carriers and photodynamic therapy are discussed.

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Abbreviations

ALG:

Alginate

ALP:

Alkaline phosphate activity

ARG:

Arginine

AMX:

Amoxillin-clavulanate

BMSCs:

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells

BSP:

Bone sialoprotein

BMP-2:

Bone Morphogenic Protein

β-TCP:

Beta-Tri-calcium phosphate

CS:

Chitosan

CMC:

Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

CMPs:

Chitosan microspheres

CNT:

Carbon Nanotube

5-FCil:

5-Fluorouracil

nCHA:

Nanocrystalline Carbonated Hydroxyapatite

COLL:

Collagen

Dox:

Doxorubicin

DEX/BSA:

Dexamethasone–bovine serum albumin

ECM:

Extracellular Matrix

GG:

Gellan gum

GM:

Gentamicin

HA:

Hydroxyapatite

n-HA:

Nano-Hydroxyapatite

HARV:

High Perspective Proportion Vessel

MBG/HA:

Mesoporus Bioactive glass

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

hMSCs:

Human mesenchymal stem cells

MC3T3-E1:

osteoblast cell line separated from mus musculus calvaria

MMT:

Montmorillonite

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

PEG:

Polyethylene Glycol

PEI:

Polyethylen imine

PHB:

Poly(hydroxybutyrate)

PLGA:

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLLA:

Poly-l-Lactic acid

PLEA:

Poly (ethylene adipate-co-d,l-lactic acid)

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

mRNA:

messenger Ribonucleic acid

SA:

Sodium Alginate

SF:

Silk

SBF:

Stimulated Body Fluid

M-THPP:

Tetrakis Hydroxy Phenyl Porphrin

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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  1. Biomaterials in Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Natural Products Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India

    Mariappan Rajan & Murugan Sumathra

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  1. Mariappan Rajan
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  2. Murugan Sumathra
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  1. Smart Medical Devices Lab, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

    Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni

  2. Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

    Deepalekshmi Ponnamma

  3. School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Mariappan Rajan

  4. Department of Physics, B.S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

    Basheer Ahmed

  5. Building H10, Office E131, Zone 6, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

    Mariam Ali S A Al-Maadeed

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Rajan, M., Sumathra, M. (2019). Biomedical Applications of Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites. In: Sadasivuni, K., Ponnamma, D., Rajan, M., Ahmed, B., Al-Maadeed, M. (eds) Polymer Nanocomposites in Biomedical Engineering . Lecture Notes in Bioengineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04741-2_6

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