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Clinical Aspects of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors and ERBB2 Testing

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Breast Disease

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Abstract

Human breast cancers depend on estrogen and/or progesterone for growth, and these effects are mediated through estrogen receptors (ERs) and progesterone receptors (PRs), respectively. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases, and its amplification with resultant overexpression plays a major role in sustaining multiple pathways in cancer growth. ERs, PRs, and HER2 status are the most important molecular markers in the standard care of all primary and recurrent/metastatic breast cancer patients and play both predictive and prognostic roles. The responsiveness of a tumor to hormone therapy is an important parameter in breast cancer management in both adjuvant and metastatic settings. Only breast cancers with HER2 amplification or overexpression respond to HER2-directed therapies. Hormonal status of the tumor is prognostic for patient outcome and site of metastasis. Hormonal receptor-positive disease represents an indolent and slowly growing tumor with longer time to disease recurrence. HER2 is a poor prognostic factor in the absence of HER2-directed therapies. Assessment of the ER/PR/HER2 status is an essential factor in the evaluation of every newly diagnosed breast cancer, and standardization of the assay methods is crucial.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Oncology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Treatment and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Ebru Cilbir

  2. Department of Medical Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey

    Suayib Yalcin

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  1. Ebru Cilbir
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  2. Suayib Yalcin
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Correspondence to Suayib Yalcin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Adnan Aydiner

  2. Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Abdullah Igci

  3. Department of Surgical Oncology, Magee-Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    Atilla Soran

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Cilbir, E., Yalcin, S. (2019). Clinical Aspects of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors and ERBB2 Testing. In: Aydiner, A., Igci, A., Soran, A. (eds) Breast Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04606-4_10

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