Abstract
Asymmetric video coding is a well-studied area for bit rate reduction in stereoscopic video coding. Such video coding technique is possible because of the binocular fusion theory which states that the Human Visual System (HVS) is capable of fusing views from both the eyes. As a result, past literature has shown that the final perceived quality of different left and right quality images is closer the highest quality of the two views. In this paper, we investigate spatially asymmetric omnidirectional video in subjective experiments using a Head Mounted Display (HMD). We want to subjectively verify to what extent the binocular fusion theory applies in immersive media environments, and also assess to what degree reducing the omnidirectional video streaming bandwidth is feasible. We prove that (1) the HVS is capable of partial suppression of the low-quality view up to a certain resolution; (2) there is a bandwidth saving of 25% when 75% of the spatial resolution is used for one of the views, while ensuring a subjective visual quality with a DMOS of 4.7 points; (3) in case of bandwidth adaptation using asymmetric video, bit rate savings are in the range 25–50%.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Blake, R.: Threshold conditions for binocular rivalry. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 3(2), 251–257 (1977)
Valizadeh, S., Azimi, M., Nasiopoulos, P.: Bitrate reduction in asymmetric stereoscopic video with low-pass filtered slices. In: IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 13–16 January 2012
Brust, H., Smolic, A., Mueller, K., Tech, G., Wiegand, T.: Mixed resolution coding of stereoscopic video for Mobile devices. In: IEEE 3DTV Conference, Potsdam, Germany, 4–6 May 2009
Azimi, M., Valizadeh, S., Li, X., Coria, L.E., Nasiopoulos, P.: Subjective study on asymmetric stereoscopic video with low-pass filtered slices. In: IEEE International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), Maui, HI, USA, 30 January–2 February 2012
Chung, K.-L., Huang, Y.-H., Liu, W.-C.: Quality-efficient upsampling method for asymmetric resolution stereoscopic video coding with interview motion compensation and error compensation. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 24(3), 430–442 (2014)
Aksay, A., Bilen, C., Akar, G.B.: Subjective evaluation of effects of spectral and spatial redundancy reduction on stereo images. In: IEEE 13th European Signal Processing Conference, Antalya, Turkey, 4–8 September 2005
Aflaki, P., Hannuksela, M.M., Hakala, J., Häkkinen, J., Gabbouj, M.: Joint adaptation of spatial resolution and sample value quantization for asymmetric stereoscopic video compression: a subjective study. In: IEEE 7th International Symposium on Image and Signal Processing and Analysis (ISPA), Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4–6 September 2011
Stelmach, L., Tam, W.J., Meegan, D., Vincent, A.: Stereo image quality: effects of mixed spatio-temporal resolution. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 10(2), 188–193 (2000)
Aflaki, P., Hannuksela, M.M., Gabbouj, M.: Subjective quality assessment of asymmetric stereoscopic 3D video. SIViP 9(2), 331–345 (2015)
Curcio, I.D.D., Toukomaa, H., Naik, D.: Bandwidth reduction of omnidirectional viewport-dependent video streaming via subjective quality assessment. In: ACM International Workshop on Multimedia Alternate Realities at ACM Multimedia Conference, Mountain View, CA, USA, 27 October 2017
Curcio, I.D.D., Toukomaa, H., Naik, D.: 360-degree video streaming and its subjective quality. In: SMPTE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Hollywood, CA, USA, 23–26 October 2017
Bao, Y., Wu, H., Zhang, T., Ramli, A.A., Liu, X.: Shooting a moving target: motion-prediction-based transmission for 360-degree videos. In: IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Washington, DC, USA, 5–6 December 2016
Hosseini, M., Swaminathan, V.: Adaptive 360 VR video streaming: divide and conquer! In: IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia, San Jose, CA, USA, 11–13 December 2016
Sanchez, Y., Skupin, R., Hellge, C., Schierl, T.: Random access point period optimization for viewport adaptive tile based streaming of 360° video. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2017), Beijing, China, 17–20 September 2017
ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.2021-1: Subjective methods for the assessment of stereoscopic 3DTV systems, February 2015
Battisti, F., Carli, M., Stramacci, A., Boev, A., Gotchev, A.: A perceptual quality metric for high-definition stereoscopic 3D video. In: Image Processing: Algorithms and Systems XIII [939916], SPIE Conference Proceedings, vol. 9399
ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.500-13: Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality of television pictures, January 2012
ITU – Standardization (ITU-T), Recommendation P.910: Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications, April 2008
ITU – Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.2021-1: Subjective methods for the assessment of stereoscopic 3DTV systems, February 2015
ITU – Standardization (ITU-T), Recommendation P.915: Subjective assessment methods for 3D video, March 2016
Zare, A., Aminlou, A., Hannuksela, M.M.: Virtual reality content streaming: viewport-dependent projection and tile-based techniques. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Beijing, China
Zinner, T., Abboud, O., Hohlfeld, O., Hossfeld, T., Tran-Gia, P.: Towards QoE management for scalable video streaming. In: 21th ITC Specialist Seminar on Multimedia Applications - Traffic, Performance and QoE, Miyazaki, Japan
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Curcio, I.D.D., Naik, D., Toukomaa, H., Zare, A. (2018). Subjective Quality of Spatially Asymmetric Omnidirectional Stereoscopic Video for Streaming Adaptation. In: Basu, A., Berretti, S. (eds) Smart Multimedia. ICSM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11010. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04375-9_36
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04375-9_36
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-04374-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-04375-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)