Skip to main content

Educating Thriving Systems Designers

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 216 Accesses

Abstract

With its origins deeply rooted in the natural sciences, computing education’s commitment to design has drawn largely from what Schön calls technical rationality, a presumption that design like any computation can be achieved algorithmically. In the narrowest of contexts this may be true but, in any practical, social sphere of relevance design is a truly “wicked problem!” Indeed, extensive effort has been invested in attempts at “design by computer” through artificial intelligence approaches, but none have demonstrated any semblance of the ingenuity or the quality, ascribed to successful human designers. This discourse contemplates a vision of design education based upon first principles of a designerly way of knowing specifically centered upon computing professionals. We review the “wicked” nature of design in computing and propose a pedagogical framework to provide the concepts and skills to seed design competency in the student aspiring to become a computing professional.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Dreyfus , Hubert, What Computers Still Can’t Do, New York: MIT Press, 1992.

  2. 2.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007.

  3. 3.

    An earlier version of this discourse was presented in March 2017.{Waguespack, L.J., Babb, J., Yates, D., “Contemplating Design Pedagogy in Computing Education,” Eleventh International Conference on Design Principles & Practices, Toronto, ON, CA. 4–6 March, 2017.}

  4. 4.

    Lyytinen, K. and Yoo, Y., “Ubiquitous computing,” Communications of the ACM, 45(12), 63–96, 2002.

  5. 5.

    Norman , Donald A., The Design of Everyday Things, Basic Books, New York, NY., 2013 p. 218.

  6. 6.

    Schön , Donald, The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action, Basic Books, New York, NY, 1983, p. 41.

  7. 7.

    Simon , Herbert, The Sciences of the Artificial, 3ed, M.I.T., Cambridge, MA, USA, 1996.

  8. 8.

    Skyttner, Lars, General Systems Theory (2ed), World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 2005, p. 397.

  9. 9.

    Ibid, p. 460.

  10. 10.

    Samuelson, K., General Information Systems Theory in Design, Modelling and Development, Institutional Paper, Informatics and Systems Science, Stockholm University, 1977.

  11. 11.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007.

  12. 12.

    Ibid, p. 99.

  13. 13.

    Kolodner, J. L. and Wills, L. M., “Powers of Observation in Creative Design,” Design Studies, 1996, 17(4), 385–416.

  14. 14.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007, p. 100.

  15. 15.

    Ibid, p. 101.

  16. 16.

    Lakoff , G. and Johnson, M., Philosophy in the Flesh, Basic Books, New York, NY, 1999, p. 57.

  17. 17.

    Vickers , G., The Art of Judgement, Harper Collins, New York, NY, 1983.

  18. 18.

    Checkland , P., Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, 1999, p. 263.

  19. 19.

    Vickers , G., The Art of Judgement, Harper Collins, New York, NY, 1983.

  20. 20.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007, p. 27.

  21. 21.

    Lakoff , G. and Johnson, M., Philosophy in the Flesh, Basic Books, New York, NY, 1999, p. 5.

  22. 22.

    Ibid, p. 123.

  23. 23.

    Ibid, p. 129.

  24. 24.

    Ibid, p. 25.

  25. 25.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007, p. 110.

  26. 26.

    Ibid, p. 25.

  27. 27.

    Schön , Donald, Displacement of Concepts, Rutledge, Abingdon, UK, 1963.

  28. 28.

    Kahneman , Daniel, Thinking, Fast and Slow, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, NY., 2011, p. 237.

  29. 29.

    Polanyi , Michael, The Tacit Dimension, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1966.

  30. 30.

    Waguespack, L.J., “IS Design Pedagogy : A Special Ontology and Prospects for Curricula,” Information Systems Education Journal, 14(6), 4–13, 2016.

  31. 31.

    Schön , Donald, Educating the Reflective Practitioner, Wiley, San Francisco, CA, USA, 1987.

  32. 32.

    Schön , Donald, Displacement of Concepts, Rutledge, Abingdon, UK, 1963.

  33. 33.

    Akin, O., “An Exploration of the Design Process,” Design Methods and Theories, 13(3/4), 115–119, 1979.

  34. 34.

    Kolodner, J. L. and Wills, L. M., “Powers of Observation in Creative Design,” Design Studies, 17(4), 385–416, 1996.

  35. 35.

    Rubin, K. S., Essential Scrum : A Practical Guide to the Most Popular Agile Process, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 2012.

  36. 36.

    Polanyi , Michael, Knowing and Being: Essays by Michael Polanyi, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1969.

  37. 37.

    Lakoff , G. and Johnson, M., Philosophy in the Flesh, Basic Books, New York, NY., 1999, p. 19.

  38. 38.

    McGilchrist, Iain, The Master and his Emissary, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT., 2009, p. 117.

  39. 39.

    Cross , N., Designerly Ways of Knowing, Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Berlin., 2007, p. 78.

  40. 40.

    McGilchrist, Iain, The Master and his Emissary, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 2009.

  41. 41.

    Polanyi , Michael, Knowing and Being: Essays by Michael Polanyi, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL.,1969, p. 131.

  42. 42.

    Schön , Donald, Displacement of Concepts, Rutledge, Abingdon, UK, 1963, p. 95.

  43. 43.

    Waguespack, L.J., Thriving systems theory and metaphor-driven modeling, Springer-Verlag, London., 2010, p. 93.

  44. 44.

    Waguespack, L.J., Schiano, W.T., “Thriving Systems Theory: An Emergent Information Systems Design Theory” in 46th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences, January 2013.

  45. 45.

    Waguespack, L.J., Babb, J.S. and Yates, D.J., “‘Refactoring ’ Refactoring,” in 50th Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences, 2017, URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/41731 ISBN: 978-0-9981331-0-2.

  46. 46.

    Kent Beck, James Grenning, Robert C. Martin, Mike Beedle, Jim Highsmith, Steve Mellor, Arie van Bennekum, Andrew Hunt, Ken Schwaber, Alistair Cockburn, Ron Jeffries, Jeff Sutherland, Ward Cunningham, Jon Kern, Dave Thomas, Martin Fowler, Brian Marick. “Manifesto for Agile Software Development”. Agile Alliance, accessed 2018-10-19.

  47. 47.

    Kisser, W., “More or Less Following a Plan During Design: opportunistic deviations in specification,” International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 1990, Vol. 33, 247–278.

  48. 48.

    Kaufman, S.B. and Gregoire, C., Wired to Create: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Creative Mind, Perigee, New York, NY, 2015.

  49. 49.

    Schön , Donald, The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action, Basic Books, New York, NY, 1983.

  50. 50.

    McGilchrist, Iain, The Master and his Emissary, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT., 2009, p. 38.

  51. 51.

    West, D., Rostal, P. and Gabriel, R. P., “Apprenticeship agility in academia,” in Companion to the 20th annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications, October, 371–374, 2005.

  52. 52.

    Schön , Donald, The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action, Basic Books, New York, NY, 1983.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Waguespack, L.J. (2019). Educating Thriving Systems Designers. In: Designing Thriving Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03925-7_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03925-7_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-03924-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-03925-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics