Abstract
Situation awareness is a concept especially important in the area of criminal data analysis and refers to the level of consciousness that an individual or team has about a situation, in this case a criminal event. Being unaware of crime situations can cause decision-makers to fail, affecting resource allocation for crime mitigation and jeopardizing human safety and their patrimony. Data and information fusion present opportunities to enrich the knowledge about crime situations by integrating heterogeneous and synergistic data from different sources. However, the problem is complicated by poor quality of information, especially when humans are the main sources of data. Motivated by the challenges in analyzing complex crime data and by the limitations of the state of the art on critical situation assessment approaches, this chapter presents Quantify, a new information fusion model. Its main contribution is the use of the information quality management throughout syntactic and semantic fusion routines to parameterize and to guide the work of humans and systems. To validate the new features of the model, a case study with real crime data was conducted. Crime reports were submitted to the modules of the model and had situations depicted and represented by an Emergency Situation Assessment System. Results highlighted the limitations of using only lexical and syntactical variations to support data and information fusion and the demand and benefits provided by quality and semantic means to assess crime situations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
E. Blasch, Level 5: user refinement issues supporting information fusion management, in 2006 9th International Conference on Information Fusion, Florence, vol. 5, July 2006, pp. 1–8
E. Blasch, High level information fusion (HLIF): survey of models, issues, and grand challenges, in IEEE A&E Systems Magazine (2012), pp. 4–20
E. Blasch, S. Plano, DFIG level 5 user refinement issues supporting situational assessment reasoning, in 2005 7th International Conference on Information Fusion, Philadelphia, vol. 5 (2005), pp. xxxv–xliii
E. Blasch, P. Valin, A.L. Jousselme, D. Lambert, É. Bossé, 2 Top ten trends in high-level information fusion, in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), Singapore (2012), pp. 2323–2330
E. Blasch, J. Schubert, K.B. Laskey, G.W. Ng, R. Nagi, P.C.G. Costa, D. Stampouli, J. Schubert, P. Valin, Issues of uncertainty analysis in high-level information fusion, in Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), Singapore (2012), p. 13
E. Blasch, A. Steinberg, S. Das, J. Llinas, C. Chong, O. Kessler, E. Waltz, F. White, Revisiting the JDL model for information exploitation, in 16th International Conference on Information Fusion, Istanbul (2013), pp. 129–136
L.C. Botega, C. Berti, R.B. Araújo, V.P.A. Neris, A model to promote interaction between humans and data fusion intelligence to enhance situational awareness, in Human-Computer Interaction. Theories, Methods, and Tools. HCI 2014, ed. by M. Kurosu. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8510 (Springer Cham, 2014), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07233-3_37
L.C. Botega, J.O. Souza, F.R. Jorge, C.S. Coneglian, M.R. de Campos, V.P.A. Neris, R.B. Araújo, Methodology for data and information quality assessment in the context of emergency situational awareness. Univ. Access Inf. Soc. 16(4), 889–902 (2016)
L.C. Botega, V.A.P. Junior, A.C.M. Oliveira, R.B. Araujo, J.F. Saran, L.A. Villas, Quality-aware human-driven information fusion model, in International Conference on Information Fusion, Xian (IEEE Computer Society, 2017), pp. 1–10
C. Chelba, D. Bikel, M. Shugrina, P. Nguyen, S. Kumar, Large scale language modeling in automatic speech recognition (2012). CoRR, abs/1210.8
M.R. Endsley, The challenge of the information age, in Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Symbiosis of Humans, Artifacts and Environment, Kyoto (2001)
M.R. Endsley, What is situation awareness? in Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design, 2nd edn. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2011), pp. 13–30
M.R. Endsley, Final reflections: situation awareness models and measures. J. Cogn. Eng. Decis. Mak. 9, 101–111 (2015)
M.R. Endsley, D.G. Jones, Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design, 2nd edn. (Taylor & Francis, London/New York, 2012)
D.L. Hall, J. Llinas, M.D. McNeese, Modeling and mapping of human source data. Technical report, College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University (2011)
V.A.P. Junior, M.F. Sanches, L.C. Botega, C.S. Coneglian, Towards semantic fusion using information quality awareness to support emergency situation assessment, in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 444 (Springer, Cham, 2016), pp. 145–155
M. Kokar, M.R. Endsley, Situation awareness and cognitive modeling. IEEE Intell. Syst. 27(3), 91–96 (2012)
J. Llinas, C. Bowman, G. Rogova, A. Steinberg, Revisiting the JDL data fusion model II, in 7th International Conference on Information Fusion, Stockholm (2004)
M. Nilsson, J.V. Laere, T. Susi, T. Ziemke, Information fusion in practice: a distributed cognition perspective on the active role of users. Inform. Fusion 13(1), 60–78 (2012)
N. Oliveira, F.R. Jorge, J.O. Souza, V.A.P. Junior, L.C. Botega, Development of a user interface for the enrichment of situational awareness in emergency management systems, in Advances in Safety Management and Human Factors. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 491, ed. by P. Arezes (Springer, Cham, 2016), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41929-9_17
A.C.M. Oliveira, L.C. Botega, J.F. Saran, J.N. Silva, J.O.S.F. Melo, M.F.D. Tavares, V.P.A. Neris, Crowdsourcing, data and information fusion and situation awareness for emergency management of forest fires: the project DF100Fogo (FDWithoutFire). Comput. Environ. Urban. Syst. (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.08.006
V.A.Pereira Junior, M.F. Sanches, L.C. Botega, C.S. Coneglian, N. Oliveira, R.B. Araújo, Using semantics to improve information fusion and increase situational awareness, in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 491 (Springer, Cham, 2016), pp. 101–113
V.A. Pereira Junior, M.F. Sanches, J.F. Saran, C.S. Coneglian, L.C. Botega, R.B. Araujo, Towards semantic fusion using information quality and the assessment of objects and situations to improve emergency situation awareness, 2016 Eleventh International Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM), Porto, pp. 260–265, doi: https://10.1109/ICDIM.2016.7829794
V.A. Pereira Junior, J.F. Saran, L.Z. Ladeira, J.H. Martins, V. Pagotti, A.M. Souza, L.A. Villas, L.C. Botega, Beyond syntactic data fusion in the context of criminal data analysis, in 2017 12th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (IEEE, Piscataway, 2017), pp. 1–6
J.J. Salerno, Information fusion: a high-level architecture overview, in Fifth International Conference on Information Fusion, Maryland, vol. 1 (2002), pp. 680–686
M.F. Sanches, V.A.P. Junior, J.O. de Souza, C.S. Coneglian, F.R. Jorge, N.P. Oliveira, L.C. Botega, Objects assessment approach using natural language processing and data quality to support emergency situation assessment, in 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Toronto (Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2016), pp. 238–244
J.F. Saran, V. Mendes, V.A.P. Junior, C.G. Santos, G. Nascimento, M.F.D. Tavares, A.C.M. Oliveira, L.C. Botega, Data and information fusion in the context of emergency management: the DF100Fogo project, in 2017 12th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (IEEE, Piscataway, 2017), pp. 1–6
N.A. Stanton, J. Piggott, Situational awareness and safety. Saf. Sci. 44, 0–17 (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Botega, L.C. et al. (2019). Quantify: An Information Fusion Model Based on Syntactic and Semantic Analysis and Quality Assessments to Enhance Situation Awareness. In: Bossé, É., Rogova, G. (eds) Information Quality in Information Fusion and Decision Making. Information Fusion and Data Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03643-0_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03643-0_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-03642-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-03643-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)