Abstract
This chapter explores the question of independence in filmmaking, examines how independent cinema is defined, and clarifies these definitions. It enumerates the various elements that characterise independent filmmaking by looking at its criteria of independence. It opens with the big picture by discussing the film industry landscape in terms of the mainstream-indie binary and then traces the origins of Philippine independent cinema, identifies the factors of its development, and maps out a parallel historical pattern with that of American independent cinema.
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Lim, M.K. (2019). The Making of Philippine Independent Cinema. In: Philippine Cinema and the Cultural Economy of Distribution. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03608-9_3
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