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Endophytic Fungi: Role in Phosphate Solubilization

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Advances in Endophytic Fungal Research

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is the primary nutrient element needed for overall plant growth and crop productivity. The global farming practices are majorly dependent on the use of synthetic phosphate fertilizers. But the cost of synthetic fertilizers, their associated negative impact on human and environment, and frequent precipitation and immobilization of phosphorus in soil have led agriculturalists to look for alternative strategies that could enhance plant growth by maintaining soluble phosphorus pool in soil. Microbial communities, including fungi, possess the ability for phosphate solubilization and mineralization. In soil, P-solubilizing fungi constitute about 0.1–0.5% of the total fungal populations. Among them endophytic fungi are the major contributors. Endophytes represent the soil microbial population that can colonize plants without inducing any apparent disease symptoms. The major endophytic P-solubilizing fungi belong to the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus, Piriformospora, Curvularia, and another class of endophytic symbionts arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. P-solubilizing endophytic fungi are more competitive and aggressive colonizers than non-endophytic microbes. Considering the vast array of benefits of using endophytic fungi for plant P nutrition, this chapter focuses on the role of endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi in P-solubilization and mineralization, their mechanisms involved, development and mode of application of endophytic fungal inoculants, and their various mechanisms of plant growth promotion and crop productivity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Advance Bioenergy Research, Research & Development Centre, Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Faridabad, India

    Preeti Mehta

  2. Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Jalandhar, India

    Rashmi Sharma, Chayanika Putatunda & Abhishek Walia

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  1. Preeti Mehta
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  1. Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India

    Bhim Pratap Singh

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Mehta, P., Sharma, R., Putatunda, C., Walia, A. (2019). Endophytic Fungi: Role in Phosphate Solubilization. In: Singh, B. (eds) Advances in Endophytic Fungal Research. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03589-1_9

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