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The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index

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Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2018

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Abstract

The pillars of entrepreneurship in the ecosystem are many and complex. While a widely accepted definition of entrepreneurship is lacking, there is general agreement that the concept has numerous dimensions. We take this into account in creating the entrepreneurship index. Some businesses have a larger impact on markets, create more new jobs, and grow faster and become larger than others. We also take into account the fact that entrepreneurship plays a different role at different stages of development. Considering all of these possibilities and limitations, we define entrepreneurship as “the dynamic, institutionally embedded interaction between entrepreneurial attitudes, entrepreneurial abilities, and entrepreneurial aspirations by individuals, which drives the allocation of resources through the creation and operation of new ventures.”

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Gartner (1990), Davidsson (2004), Wennekers and Thurik (1999), Godin, Clemens, and Veldhuis (2008), Zahra, et al. (2014), Gupta and Gupta (2015) all identify several dimensions of entrepreneurship.

  2. 2.

    Baumol (1990), Vivarelli (2013), Thurik et al. (2013).

  3. 3.

    Bjørnskov and Foss (2010), Goel et al. (2015).

  4. 4.

    Bhola, Verheul, Thurik, and Grilo (2006), Tumasjan and Braun (2012), Autio et al. (2014).

  5. 5.

    Papagiannidis and Li (2005), Dutta, Li, and Merenda (2011), Ibrahim and Mas’ud (2016).

  6. 6.

    Caliendo, Fossen, and Kritikos (2009), Vieider, Lefebvre, Bouchouicha, Chmura, Hakimov, and Krawczyk (2015).

  7. 7.

    Shane and Cable (2003), Mian and Hattab (2013), Audretsch, Heger, and Veith (2015).

  8. 8.

    Lee et al. (2011), Dutta and Sobel (2016).

  9. 9.

    Asoni and Sanandaji (2014), Belitski, Chowdhury, and Desai (2016).

  10. 10.

    Coad and Rao (2008), García-Morales, Bolívar-Ramos, and Martín-Rojas (2014).

  11. 11.

    Bates (1990), Qian (2016).

  12. 12.

    Baumol, Litan, and Schramm (2007), Calcagno and Sobel (2014).

  13. 13.

    Autio, Kenney, Mustar, Siegel, and Wright (2014).

  14. 14.

    Stam and Wennberg (2009).

  15. 15.

    Acs, Parsons, and Tracy (2008), Gompers and Lerner (2004).

  16. 16.

    De Clercq, Sapienza, and Crijns (2005).

  17. 17.

    Groh, Liechtenstein, and Lieser (2012a, 2012b).

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Ács, Z.J., Szerb, L., Lafuente, E., Lloyd, A. (2018). The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index. In: Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index 2018. SpringerBriefs in Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03279-1_3

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