Abstract
We analyse the impact of transient and Byzantine faults on the construction of a maximal matching in a general network. We consider the self-stabilizing algorithm called AnonyMatch presented by Cohen et al. [3] for computing such a matching. Since self-stabilization is transient fault tolerant, we prove that this algorithm still works under the more difficult context of arbitrary Byzantine faults. Byzantine nodes can prevent nodes close to them from taking part in the matching for an arbitrarily long time. We give bounds on their impact depending on the distance between a non-Byzantine node and the closest Byzantine, called the containment radius. We present the first algorithm tolerating both transient and Byzantine faults under the fair distributed daemon while keeping the best known containment radius. We prove this algorithm converges in \(O(\max (\varDelta n, \varDelta ^2 \log n))\) rounds w.h.p., where n and \(\varDelta \) are the size and the maximum degree of the network, resp.. Additionally, we improve the best known complexity as well as the best containment radius for this problem under the fair central daemon.
S. Kunne—This work is eligible for best student paper.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
A matching M is 1-maximal if it is not possible to build a matching by removing one edge and adding two edges to M.
- 2.
Alternatively, the daemon could specify a set of pairs (enabled node, rule for which that node is enabled). In our algorithm, all guards are mutually exclusive; that is, at any time, a given node can be enabled for one rule at most. Therefore, that distinction does not matter.
- 3.
References
Asada, Y., Inoue, M.: An efficient silent self-stabilizing algorithm for 1-maximal matching in anonymous networks. In: Rahman, M.S., Tomita, E. (eds.) WALCOM 2015. LNCS, vol. 8973, pp. 187–198. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15612-5_17
Berenbrink, P., Friedetzky, T., Martin, R.A.: On the stability of dynamic diffusion load balancing. Algorithmica 50(3), 329–350 (2008)
Cohen, J., Lefèvre, J., Maâmra, K., Pilard, L., Sohier, D.: A self-stabilizing algorithm for maximal matching in anonymous networks. Parallel Process. Lett. 26(4), 1–17 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1142/S012962641650016X
Cournier, A., Devismes, S., Villain, V.: Snap-stabilizing PIF and useless computations. In: 12th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2006, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, 12–15 July 2006, pp. 39–48 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPADS.2006.100
Dijkstra, E.W.: Self-stabilizing systems in spite of distributed control. Commun. ACM 17(11), 643–644 (1974)
Dolev, S., Israeli, A., Moran, S.: Uniform dynamic self-stabilizing leader election. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 8(4), 424–440 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1109/71.588622
Dubois, S., Potop-Butucaru, M., Nesterenko, M., Tixeuil, S.: Self-stabilizing Byzantine asynchronous unison. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 72(7), 917–923 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpdc.2012.04.001
Dubois, S., Tixeuil, S., Zhu, N.: The Byzantine brides problem. In: Kranakis, E., Krizanc, D., Luccio, F. (eds.) FUN 2012. LNCS, vol. 7288, pp. 107–118. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30347-0_13
Ghosh, B., Muthukrishnan, S.: Dynamic load balancing by random matchings. J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 53(3), 357–370 (1996)
Goddard, W., Hedetniemi, S.T., Shi, Z.: An anonymous self-stabilizing algorithm for 1-maximal matching in trees. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications and Conference on Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, PDPTA, vol. 2, pp. 797–803 (2006)
Guellati, N., Kheddouci, H.: A survey on self-stabilizing algorithms for independence, domination, coloring, and matching in graphs. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput. 70(4), 406–415 (2010)
Han, Z., Gu, Y., Saad, W.: Matching Theory for Wireless Networks. WN. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56252-0
Hedetniemi, S.T., Jacobs, D.P., Srimani, P.K.: Maximal matching stabilizes in time O(m). Inf. Process. Lett. 80(5), 221–223 (2001)
Hsu, S.C., Huang, S.T.: A self-stabilizing algorithm for maximal matching. Inf. Process. Lett. 43(2), 77–81 (1992)
Inoue, M., Ooshita, F., Tixeuil, S.: An efficient silent self-stabilizing 1-maximal matching algorithm under distributed daemon for arbitrary networks. In: Spirakis, P., Tsigas, P. (eds.) SSS 2017. LNCS, vol. 10616, pp. 93–108. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69084-1_7
Karaata, M.H.: Self-stabilizing strong fairness under weak fairness. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. 12(4), 337–345 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1109/71.920585
Lamport, L., Shostak, R., Pease, M.: The Byzantine generals problem. ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst. (TOPLAS) 4(3), 382–401 (1982)
Manne, F., Mjelde, M., Pilard, L., Tixeuil, S.: A new self-stabilizing maximal matching algorithm. Theor. Comput. Sci. (TCS) 410(14), 1336–1345 (2009)
Masuzawa, T., Tixeuil, S.: Stabilizing link-coloration of arbitrary networks with unbounded Byzantine faults. Int. J. Princ. Appl. Inf. Sci. Technol. (PAIST) 1(1), 1–13 (2007)
Nesterenko, M., Arora, A.: Tolerance to unbounded Byzantine faults. In: Proceedings 21st IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems 2002, pp. 22–29. IEEE (2002)
Sakurai, Y., Ooshita, F., Masuzawa, T.: A self-stabilizing link-coloring protocol resilient to Byzantine faults in tree networks. In: Higashino, T. (ed.) OPODIS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3544, pp. 283–298. Springer, Heidelberg (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/11516798_21
Sauerwald, T., Sun, H.: Tight bounds for randomized load balancing on arbitrary network topologies. In: 2012 IEEE 53rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS), pp. 341–350. IEEE (2012)
Turau, V., Hauck, B.: A new analysis of a self-stabilizing maximum weight matching algorithm with approximation ratio 2. Theor. Comput. Sci. (TCS) 412(40), 5527–5540 (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kunne, S., Cohen, J., Pilard, L. (2018). Self-stabilization and Byzantine Tolerance for Maximal Matching. In: Izumi, T., Kuznetsov, P. (eds) Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems. SSS 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11201. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03232-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03232-6_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-03231-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-03232-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)