Abstract
This chapter explores the causes and symptoms of intellectual disabilities. The discussion addresses the complex and multifaceted interaction of genetic, biological, neurological, and environmental factors that lead to intellectual disabilities. This chapter also discusses advances in how the causes of intellectual disabilities are determined, typical symptoms, and course. The language of the chapter assumes a medical model of intellectual disabilities. That is, the primary cause of disability is physiological and functional deficits due to a disordered or pathological state. The entire research model in this chapter focuses on neurological and genetic underpinnings of functional cognitive deficits. Due to new research tools and models, the focus on neuroscience and genetics has led to exponential change in the understanding of the causes of intellectual disabilities. The understanding of causes and symptoms has also led to diversity of training and backgrounds in multidisciplinary teams that provide comprehensive services to individuals with intellectual disabilities and their families.
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Shaw, S.R., Jankowska, A.M. (2018). Causes and Symptoms. In: Pediatric Intellectual Disabilities at School. Pediatric School Psychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02992-0_2
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