Abstract
This chapter explores what is meant by intellectual developmental disabilities, intellectual disabilities, mental retardation, and similar terms. The primary focus is less on the terminology than on the complexity, diversity, and humanity of people with intellectual disabilities. Common characteristics of persons with intellectual disabilities are described, and the range of function is considered. The evolution of the science of intellectual disabilities and the contribution of disability studies in the application of science provide a context for further research. Also, detailed understanding of the different available definitions for intellectual disabilities is required to understand the details of research and how to apply new findings. Ultimately, the details of this socially defined construct affect the direction of the science of intellectual developmental disabilities and how the science is applied to classroom and clinical practice.
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Shaw, S.R., Jankowska, A.M. (2018). Introduction and Overview. In: Pediatric Intellectual Disabilities at School. Pediatric School Psychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02992-0_1
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