Abstract
The mechanisms linking stress to illness were reviewed. Cognitive appraisal of stressors, coping with stress, emotional responses, physiological changes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) axis, endogenous opium, and immune system can be involved in the development of illnesses. Stress and coping model with emphases on individuals’ cognition toward stressors and coping consists of six steps: life event perception, psychological defense, psychophysiological response, response management (coping skill utilization), illness behavior, and illness evaluation steps. To explore the role of the brain in the relationship between stress and illnesses, the functions of each of the reticular activating system (RAS), limbic system, hypothalamus, autonomic nervous system (ANS), and pituitary, and their interactions were reviewed. In addition, the relationship between stress and memes was discussed. More details on the relationship between stress and immune system were already described in the chapter “Stress, Emotion, and Immunity.”
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Koh, K.B. (2018). Stress and Illness. In: Stress and Somatic Symptoms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02783-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02783-4_5
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