Skip to main content

Radar HRRP Target Recognition with Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 11266))

Abstract

Conventional radar automatic target recognition (RATR) methods using High-Resolution Range Profile (HRRP) sequences require carefully designed feature extraction techniques and plenty of HRRP waveforms, which result in insufficient recognition rate and limit in real-time recognition. To address these issues a modified end-to-end architecture consisting of a convolutional neural network (CNN) followed by a recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed. In this model the local features of HRRPs extracted by a CNN are passed to a RNN, which avoids manual feature extraction and takes advantage of its shared parameters mechanism which enables single HRRP recognition in real-time. The effectiveness of this model is shown in this paper with numerical results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Chen, B., Liu, H.W., Bao, Z.: Analysis of three kinds of classification based on different absolute alignment methods. Mod. Radar 28(3), 58–62 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bojarski, M., et al.: End to end learning for self-driving cars (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, B., Liu, H., Chai, J., Bao, Z.: Large margin feature weighting method via linear programming. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 21(10), 1475–1488 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chiang, H.C., Moses, R.L., Potter, L.C.: Model-based classification of radar images. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 46(5), 1842–1854 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Du, L., Liu, H., Bao, Z., Zhang, J.: Radar automatic target recognition using complex high-resolution range profiles. IET Radar Sonar Navig. 1(1), 18–26 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Du, L., Liu, H., Bao, Z.: Radar HRRP statistical recognition: parametric model and model selection. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 56(5), 1931–1944 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Du, L., Liu, H., Bao, Z., Xing, M.: Radar HRRP target recognition based on higher order spectra. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 53(7), 2359–2368 (2005)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Du, L., Liu, H., Wang, P., Feng, B., Pan, M., Bao, Z.: Noise robust radar HRRP target recognition based on multitask factor analysis with small training data size. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 60(7), 3546–3559 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Du, L., Wang, P., Liu, H., Pan, M., Bao, Z.: Radar HRRP target recognition based on dynamic multi-task hidden markov model. In: Radar Conference, pp. 253–255 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Du, L., Wang, P., Liu, H., Pan, M., Chen, F., Bao, Z.: Bayesian spatiotemporal multitask learning for radar HRRP target recognition. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 59(7), 3182–3196 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Feng, B., Du, L., Liu, H.W., Li, F.: Radar HRRP target recognition based on K-SVD algorithm. In: IEEE CIE International Conference on Radar, pp. 642–645 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Fielding, K.H.: Spatiotemporal pattern recognition using hidden markov models. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 31(4), 1292–1300 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Graves, A.: Long short-term memory. In: Graves, A. (ed.) Supervised Sequence Labelling with Recurrent Neural Networks. SCI, vol. 385, pp. 37–45. Springer, Berlin (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24797-2_4

    Chapter  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Hudson, S., Psaltis, D.: Correlation filters for aircraft identification from radar range profiles. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 29(3), 741–748 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ioffe, S., Szegedy, C.: Batch normalization: accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift, pp. 448–456 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ji, S., Liao, X., Carin, L.: Adaptive multiaspect target classification and detection with hidden markov models. IEEE Sens. J. 5(5), 1035–1042 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Jones, G., Bhanu, B.: Recognizing occluded objects in SAR images. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 37(1), 316–328 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I, Hinton, G.E.: ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 1097–1105 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Li, H.J., Yang, S.H.: Using range profiles as feature vectors to identify aerospace objects. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 41(3), 261–268 (1993)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Liao, X., Bao, Z., Xing, M.: On the aspect sensitivity of high resolution range profiles and its reduction methods. In: The Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference, pp. 310–315 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Mikolov, T., Karafit, M., Burget, L., Cernocky, J., Khudanpur, S.: Recurrent neural network based language model. In: INTERSPEECH 2010, Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, Makuhari, Chiba, Japan, September, pp. 1045–1048 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mitchell, R.A., Westerkamp, J.J.: Robust statistical feature based aircraft identification. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 35(3), 1077–1094 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Nilubol, C., Pham, Q.H., Mersereau, R.M., Smith, M.J.T., Clements, M.A.: Hidden markov modelling for SAR automatic target recognition. In: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 2, pp. 1061–1064 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Novak, L.M.: State-of-the-art of SAR automatic target recognition. In: The Record of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference, pp. 836–843 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  25. O’Sullivan, J.A., Devore, M.D., Kedia, V., Miller, M.I.: SAR ATR performance using a conditionally Gaussian model. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 37(1), 91–108 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Pei, B., Bao, Z.: Multi-aspect radar target recognition method based on scattering centers and HMMs classifiers. Acta Electronica Sinica 41(3), 1067–1074 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Runkle, P., Nguyen, L.H., Mcclellan, J.H., Carin, L.: Multi-aspect target detection for SAR imagery using hidden markov models. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 39(1), 46–55 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Szegedy, C., et al. Going deeper with convolutions. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 1–9 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Vinyals, O., Toshev, A, Bengio, S., Erhan, D.: Show and tell: a neural image caption generator, pp. 3156–3164 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Williams, R., Westerkamp, J., Gross, D., Palomino, A.: Automatic target recognition of time critical moving targets using 1D high range resolution (HRR) radar. IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. 15(4), 37–43 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Xing, M., Bao, Z., Pei, B.: Properties of high-resolution range profiles. Opt. Eng. 41(2), 493–504 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Da Zhang, X., Shi, Y., Bao, Z.: A new feature vector using selected bispectra for signal classification with application in radar target recognition. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 49(9), 1875–1885 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhu, F., Da Zhang, X., Hu, Y.F., Xie, D.: Nonstationary hidden Markov models for multiaspect discriminative feature extraction from radar targets. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 55(5), 2203–2214 (2007)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  34. Zyweck, A., Bogner, R.E.: Radar target classification of commercial aircraft. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 32(2), 598–606 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mengqi Shen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Shen, M., Chen, B. (2018). Radar HRRP Target Recognition with Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks. In: Peng, Y., Yu, K., Lu, J., Jiang, X. (eds) Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering. IScIDE 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11266. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02698-1_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02698-1_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-02697-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-02698-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics