Conclusion

Abstract

This chapter concludes with remarks. Most of countries in Asia were importer of CFGT in early part of this century, and later some of them turned to become exporter of it. Japan was exporter and importer of CFGT from the beginning of the twenty-first century. Japan was the lead exporter of EEL and later joined China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macao, etc. Countries in Asia mostly imported SPVS and wind energy technology from the EU and Japan. Later, China exported SPVS to Asia and the world. Gravity analysis provides determining factors of CFGT trade in Asia. Economic size, distance, level of development and country characteristics are important determining factors for CFGT trade in Asia. Factors beyond the border such as economic reforms, policy, transparency, regulations and infrastructure are most significant factors in determining trade patterns in CFGT among nations in Asia. However, tariffs of CFGT are negligible and less significant among other factors beyond the border like reform policy, regulation and infrastructure in both trading partners. Trade liberalization definitely promotes clean technology transfer and provides channel to mitigate climate change issues in global scale.