Abstract
Already in ancient times it was observed that special minerals that were found around the city Magnesia in Asian Turkey, attracted iron matter. They were named magnets and were used for producing compass needles for navigation, because it was found that such needles always pointed to the north. The Chinese knew about magnets already earlier. The exact explanation of such magnetic properties had, however, to wait until the 20th century after the development of quantum theory and modern solid state physics. There are still open questions about the details of magnetic phenomena in matter.
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Demtröder, W. (2019). Static Magnetic Fields. In: Electrodynamics and Optics. Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02291-4_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02291-4_3
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