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Security in Smart Cities: Models, Applications, and Challenges pp 47–70Cite as

Realization of an Adaptive Data Hiding System for Electronic Patient Record, Embedding in Medical Images

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Abstract

An adaptive Electronic Patient Record (EPR) hiding system utilizing medical images as cover media has been presented in this chapter. The proposed system is based on embedding the EPR information in Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients. Cover medical image is divided into 8 × 8 non-overlapping blocks and DCT is applied on each block. The two predefined coefficients of each 8 × 8 DCT block are used for embedding the EPR information. The proposed system uses an adaptive embedding factor based on mean of a selected block unlike the conventional way of predefining an embedding factor. In order to add an additional layer of security to the EPR, it has been encrypted before embedding it. The proposed algorithms have been evaluated using various image quality matrices like Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), and Normalized Cross Co-relation (NCC). The experimental investigations reveal that the proposed scheme is capable of providing better quality watermarked medical images compared to the conventional embedding scheme while maintaining good robustness thus it can be a better option for utilization in a typical e-health care communication system.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Shabir A. Parah, Ifshan Ahmad, Nazir A. Loan & Javaid A. Sheikh

  2. Digital Contents Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Khan Muhammad

  3. Department of Electronics Engineering, Institute of Technology, Zakoora College of Engineering, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    G. M. Bhat

Authors
  1. Shabir A. Parah
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  2. Ifshan Ahmad
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  3. Nazir A. Loan
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  4. Khan Muhammad
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  5. Javaid A. Sheikh
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  6. G. M. Bhat
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shabir A. Parah .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Aboul Ella Hassanien

  2. Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt

    Mohamed Elhoseny

  3. Department of Computer Science, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro Campus, Statesboro, GA, USA

    Syed Hassan Ahmed

  4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna University Campus, Patna, Bihar, India

    Amit Kumar Singh

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Parah, S.A., Ahmad, I., Loan, N.A., Muhammad, K., Sheikh, J.A., Bhat, G.M. (2019). Realization of an Adaptive Data Hiding System for Electronic Patient Record, Embedding in Medical Images. In: Hassanien, A., Elhoseny, M., Ahmed, S., Singh, A. (eds) Security in Smart Cities: Models, Applications, and Challenges. Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01560-2_3

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