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Bone Marrow Failure

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Critical Care of the Pediatric Immunocompromised Hematology/Oncology Patient

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Abstract

Bone marrow failure (BMF) syndromes can be classified into inherited and acquired. In addition to the classic clinical presentation of inadequate hematopoiesis (anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia), which can initially be isolated cytopenias and then progress to marrow aplasia, inherited bone marrow failure syndromes can present with characteristic non-hematologic clinical findings. Patients can be diagnosed shortly after birth or the diagnosis can be delayed into adulthood. BMF syndromes can be premalignant conditions that can progress into myelodysplastic syndrome and/or acute leukemia. Some patients are at higher risk of solid tumors. Early diagnosis, prompt management of complications (infections, bleeding, organ failures), and early referral for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be associated with improved outcome. In this chapter we will discuss the most common bone marrow failure syndromes, acquired idiopathic aplastic anemia, Fanconi anemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, dyskeratosis congenita, and Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Sajad Khazal

  2. Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami Children’s Health System, Miami, FL, USA

    Jorge Ricardo Galvez Silva

  3. Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Monica Thakar & David Margolis

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  1. Sajad Khazal
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  2. Jorge Ricardo Galvez Silva
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  3. Monica Thakar
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  4. David Margolis
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Correspondence to Sajad Khazal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA

    Christine N. Duncan

  2. Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA

    Julie-An M. Talano

  3. Department of Pediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA

    Jennifer A. McArthur

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Khazal, S., Galvez Silva, J.R., Thakar, M., Margolis, D. (2019). Bone Marrow Failure. In: Duncan, C., Talano, JA., McArthur, J. (eds) Critical Care of the Pediatric Immunocompromised Hematology/Oncology Patient. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01322-6_7

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