Abstract
Metallurgical artifacts including Cu-containing slag fragments were discovered at the Bronze Age settlements of Southern Urals. We have analyzed the slags of Sintashta culture from Kamenny Ambar settlement. The slags are mainly composed of olivine, magnetite and ultrabasic glass with rare inclusions of metallic copper; quartz, chrome spinels and serpentinite clasts are relic. The main rock-forming mineral of slags is olivine, in which the compositions of macro components and trace elements have been examined. The olivine is zoned: its central part is characterized by elevated forsterite minal with Co and Ni prevalence, while fayalite predominates on the peripheral parts and contains elevated concentrations of the remaining elements. The glass is characterized by higher Li, Ca, Al, Na, K, Sc, Ti, Ga, Nb, P, Pb, Rb, Sr, Ba, Zr, U and REE contents and indicates specific crystallization features as well as protolith composition and the fluxes used. Based on the LA-ICP-MS mapping, major and trace element zoning in olivine crystals has been considered in detail, and a crystallization scheme of metallurgical slags has been identified.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chernykh EN. Drevneishaya metallurgiya Urala i Povolzhya. M.: Nauka; 1970. [Chernykh EN. The historical metallurgy of the Urals and Volga region. M.: Nauka; 1970. (In Russ.)]
Fodor RV, Keil KA. Komatiite-like lithic fragment with spinifex texture in the Eva meteorite: origin from a Supercooled impact-melt chondritic parentage. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 1976;29(1)
Grigoriev SA, Dunaev AYu, Zaikov VV. Chromites: an indicator of copper ore source for ancient metallurgy. Doklady Earth Sciences. 2005;400(1):95–98
Landa EA, Bagdasarov EA, Markovsky BA, Khotina MI. Ob osobennostyakh khimicheskogo sostava olivinov vulkanogennykh ul’tramafitov Meymecha-Kotuyskogo regiona i Kamchatki. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva. 1978;CVII(3):280–290. [Landa EA, Bagdasarov EA, Markovsky BA, Khotina MI. On the chemical composition features of olivine volcanogenic ultramafites of the Meimecha-Kotui and Kamchatka regions. Proceedings of the USSR Mineralogical Society. 1978;CVII(3):280–290. (In Russ.)]
Lesnov FP. Zakonomernosti raspredeleniya redkozemel’nykh elementov v olivinakh. Zapiski Rossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva. 2000;6:88–103. [Lesnov FP. Regularities in the distribution of rare-earth elements in olivine. Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society. 2000;6:88-103. (In Russ.)]
Mineraly. III(I). Silikaty s odinochnymi i sdvoyennymi kremnekislorodnymi tetraerami. M.: Nauka; 1972. [Minerals. Silicates with single and double silicon-oxygen tetrahedra. M.: Nauka; 1972. (In Russ.)]
Sobolev NV, Sobolev AV, Tomilenko AA, Kovyazina SV, Batanova VG, Kuz’min DV. Paragenesis and complex zoning of olivine macrocrysts from unaltered kimberlite of the Udachnaya-East pipe, Yakutia: relationship with the kimberlite formation conditions and evolution. Russian Geology and Geophysics. 2015;56(1–2):260–279
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to L.N. Koryakova for providing the samples for research.
The research was conducted within the framework of the PFBR project â„– 18-00-00030 KOMFI.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ankushev, M.N., Artemyev, D.A., Blinov, I.A. (2020). Zoned Olivines of Bronze Age Metallurgical Slags of Southern Urals According to LA-ICP-MS Mapping. In: Votyakov, S., Kiseleva, D., Grokhovsky, V., Shchapova, Y. (eds) Minerals: Structure, Properties, Methods of Investigation. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00925-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00925-0_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-00924-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-00925-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)