Skip to main content

Assessing and Treating Youth Offenders

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Practice of Correctional Psychology
  • 918 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter discusses different aspects of the systems responsible for the management of youth crime. Aspects of juvenile justice systems were identified as were the major courses of action available within those systems. These courses of action included rehabilitative and punitive correctional actions. The various courses of action were evaluated in terms of the Risk-Need-Responsivity model which proposes a set of evidence-based Principles of Best Practice. These are presented as useful in guiding interventions with these juvenile offenders. Continuing research may require modification of these principles, but at present, they represent the best guides we have for addressing the problem of youth crime.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Barnoski, R., & Markussen, S. (2005). Washington State Juvenile Court Assessment. In T. Grisso, T. Vincent, & D. Seagrave (Eds.), Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice (pp. 271–282). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartel, P., Borum, R., & Forth, A. (2005). Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY). In T. Grisso, T. Vincent, & D. Seagrave (Eds.), Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice (pp. 295–310). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonta, J., & Andrews, D. A. (2017). The psychology of criminal conduct (6th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonta, J., Bourgon, G., Rugge, T., Gress, C., & Gutierrez, L. (2013). Taking the leap from pilot project to wide-scale implementation of the Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision (STICS). Justice Research and Policy, 15, 17–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borum, R., & Verhaagen, D. (2006). Assessing and managing violence risk in juveniles. New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cipriani, D. (2009). Children’s rights and the minimum age of criminal responsibility: A global perspective. New York, NY: Ashgate.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, M. A., Piquero, A. R., & Jennings, W. G. (2010). Estimating the costs of bad outcomes for at-risk youth and the benefits of early childhood interventions to reduce them. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 21, 391–434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corrado, R. R. (1992). Introduction. In R. R. Corrado, N. Bala, R. Linden, & M. Le Blanc (Eds.), Juvenile justice in Canada: A theoretical and analytical assessment (pp. 1–20). Toronto, ON: Buttersworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crofts, T. (2016). Reforming the age of criminal responsibility. South Africa Journal of Psychology, 46(4), 436–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cullen, E. T., Fisher, B. S., & Applegate, B. K. (2000). Public opinion about punishment and corrections. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 27, pp. 1–79). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrington, D. P. (1998). Predictors, causes and correlates of male youth violence. In M. Tonry & M. H. Moore (Eds.), Youth violence (crime and Justice) (Vol. 24, pp. 421–475). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrington, D. P. (2005). Integrated developmental and life-course theories of offending. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrington, D. P., & Welsh, B. C. (2006). Saving children from a life of crime: Early risk factors and effective interventions. New York, NY: Oxford.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2015). Uniform crime reports. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grieger, L., & Hosser, D. (2014). Which risk factors are really predictive? An analysis of Andrews and Bonta’s “Central Eight” risk factors for recidivism in German youth correctional facility inmates. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 41, 613–634.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grisso, T., Vincent, G., & Seagrave, D. (Eds.). (2005). Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice. New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grove, W. M., & Vrieze, S. J. (2013). The clinical versus mechanical prediction controversy. In K. F. Geisinger (Ed.), APA handbook of testing and assessment in psychology: Volume 2. Testing and assessment in clinical and counseling psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grove, W. M., Zald, D. H., Lebow, B. S., Snitz, B. E., & Nelson, C. (2000). Clinical versus mechanical prediction: A meta-analysis. Psychological Assessment, 12, 19–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E., & Boxer, P. (2008). What works: Best practices with juvenile offenders. In R. D. Hoge, N. G. Guerra, & P. Boxer (Eds.), Treating the juvenile offender (pp. 79–102). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, N. G., Williams, K. R., Tolan, P. H., & Modecki, K. L. (2008). Theoretical and research advances in understanding the causes of juvenile offending. In R. D. Hoge, N. G. Guerra, & P. Boxer (Eds.), Treating the juvenile offender (pp. 33–53). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Quinsey, V. L., & Cormier, C. A. (2015). Violent offenders : Appraising and managing risk (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Heilbrun, K., Lee, R., & Cottle, C. (2005). Risk factors and intervention outcomes: Meta-analyses of juvenile offending. In K. Heilbrun, N. Goldstein, & R. Redding (Eds.), Juvenile delinquency: Prevention, assessment and interventions (pp. 111–133). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Henggeler, S. W., Schoenwald, S. K., Borduin, C. M., Rowland, M. D., & Cunningham, P. B. (1998). Multisystemic treatment of antisocial behavior in children and adolescents. New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D. (2001). The juvenile offender: Theory, research, and applications. Norwell, MA: Kluwer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D. (2012). Forensic assessments of juveniles: Practice and legal considerations. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 39, 1255–1270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D. (2016a). Policy essay: Juvenile court and diversion. Criminology and Public Policy, 15, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D. (2016b). Risk, need, and responsivity in juveniles. In K. Heilbrun (Ed.), APA handbook of psychology and juvenile justice (pp. 179–196). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D., & Andrews, D. A. (1996). Assessing the youthful offender: Issues and techniques. New York, NY: Springer.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D., & Andrews, D. A. (2010). Evaluation of risk for violence in juveniles. New York, NY, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D., & Andrews, D. A. (2011). Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory 2.0 User’s manual. North Tonawanda, NY: Multi-Health Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoge, R. D., & Robertson, L. A. (2008). The female juvenile offender. In R. D. Hoge, N. G. Guerra, & P. Boxer (Eds.), Treating the juvenile offender (pp. 258–277). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hough, M., & Roberts, J. V. (2012). Public opinion, crime, and criminal justice. In M. Maguire, R. Morgan, & R. Reiner (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of criminology (pp. 279–299). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koehler, J. A., Losel, F., Akoensi, T. D., & Humphreys, D. K. (2013). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of young offender treatment programs in Europe. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 9, 19–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krisberg, B., & Howell, J. C. (1998). The impact of the juvenile justice system and prospects for graduated sanctions in a comprehensive strategy. In R. Loeber & D. P. Farrington (Eds.), Serious and violent juvenile offenders: Risk factors and successful interventions (pp. 346–366). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipsey, M. W. (2009). The primary factors that characterize effective interventions with juvenile offenders: A meta-analytic review. Victims and Offenders, 4, 124–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (1998). Effective intervention for serious juvenile offenders: A synthesis of research. In R. Loeber & D. P. Farrington (Eds.), Serious and violent juvenile offenders: Risk factors and successful interventions (pp. 313–345). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loeber, R., & Farrington, D. P. (Eds.). (2012). From juvenile delinquency to adult crime. New York, NY: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAra, L., & McVie, S. (2007). Youth justice? The impact of system contact on patterns of desistance from offending. European Journal of Criminology, 4, 1477–3708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire, J. (2004). Understanding psychology and crime: Perspectives on theory and action. Berkshire, UK: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2002). Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change. New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moffitt, T. E. (2003). ‘Life-course-persistent’ and ‘adolescent-limited’ antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petitclerc, A., Gatti, U., Vitaro, F., & Treblay, R. E. (2012). Effects of juvenile court exposure on crime in young adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54, 291–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., & Farrington, D. P. (2013). The monetary costs of crime to middle adulthood: Findings from the Cambridge study in delinquent development. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 50, 53–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pusch, N., & Holtfreter, K. (2018). Gender and risk assessment in the juvenile offender: A meta-analysis. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 45, 56–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shoemaker, D. J. (1996). Theories of delinquency. New York, NY: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Statistics Canada. (2016). Revised uniform crime reporting survey. Ottawa, ON: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornberry, T. P., Giordano, P. G., Uggen, C., Matsuda, M., Masten, A. S., Bulten, E., & Donker, A. G. (2012). Explanations for offending. In R. Loeber & D. P. Farrington (Eds.), From juvenile delinquency to adult crime (pp. 47–85). New York, NY: Oxford.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vieira, T. A., Skilling, T. A., & Peterson-Badall, M. (2009). Matching court-ordered services with treatment needs: Predicting treatment success with young offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36, 385–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, G., & Grisso, T. (2005). A developmental perspective on adolescent personality, psychopathology, and delinquency. In T. Grisso, T. Vincent, & D. Seagrave (Eds.), Mental health screening and assessment in juvenile justice (pp. 22–43). New York, NY: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, G. M., Guy, L. S., Perrault, R. T., & Gershenson, B. (2016). Risk assessment matters: But only when implemented well: A multisite study in juvenile probation. Law and Human Behavior, 15, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Welsh, B. C., Lipsey, M. W., Rivara, F. P., Hawkins, J. D., Aos, S., & Hollis-Peel, M. E. (2012). Promoting change, changing lives: Effective prevention and intervention to reduce serious offending. In R. Loeber & D. P. Farrington (Eds.), From juvenile delinquency to adult crime (pp. 245–277). New York, NY: Oxford.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, H. A., & Hoge, R. D. (2012). The effect of youth diversion programs on recidivism: A meta-analytic review. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 42, 1–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Worling, J. R., & Curwen, M. A. (2001). Estimate of risk of adolescent sexual offense recidivism (ERASOR). Toronto, ON: Thistletown Regional Centre.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimring, F. E. (1998). American youth violence. New York, NY: Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert D. Hoge .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hoge, R.D. (2018). Assessing and Treating Youth Offenders. In: Ternes, M., Magaletta, P., Patry, M. (eds) The Practice of Correctional Psychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00452-1_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics