Abstract
The entrepreneurial opening up of coalbed methane , shale, and tight gas was achieved mainly because small companies took initiative in wildcatting new methods. In addition, the U.S. Department of Energy provided material support over decades. NGH will probably also have to go through its wildcatting stage in which different exploration and production models are tested in the bridge from science to application. The current burst of oil and gas production from shale is based on mobile drilling rigs, relatively small fracking infrastructure , and innovative inclined or ‘horizontal’ drilling that keeps the well in the pay horizon for long distances. Because natural gas hydrate (NGH) is found in deepwater, the available drilling , logistic, and processing technology is inherently more expensive. Accordingly, less expensive exploration and production techniques are necessary for commercial production of natural gas from the NGH resource. The term ‘commercial’ probably should never be used in relation to any extractive material until after the concentrations have been identified and valued and estimates of technical recoverability have been made. The topic of commerciality is complicated because there are a large number of financial and other variables that have nothing to do with geology or with simple supply and demand . The chemical and physical characteristics of NGH, as well as the location of the resource world-wide, provide the potential for innovative technology and methodology to make NGH competitive on a producer basis. With the emerging world market and world price in compressed natural gas utilizing the new build-out in LNG and possibly CNG transport, natural gas could soon be as tradable as oil is today. Depending on the emphasis that is given by governments to reduction in from fossil fuels , Natural gas could become the main fossil fuel backing up renewable energy possibly into the far future because of its low CO2 emissions per energy produced. The very low environmental impact /risk of NGH could enable it to become the preferred source of natural gas .
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ABS. (2015). Floating offshore liquefied gas terminals. Guide for building and classing (originally published 2010, revised 2015). American Bureau of Shipping (352 pp.).
AD. (2017). The future of gas. Addleshaw Goddard (28 pp.). https://www.addleshawgoddard.com/globalassets/insights/energy/special-report-the-future-of-gas.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2017.
Anderson, B., Boswell, R., Collett, T. S., Farrell, H., Ohtsuki, S. White, M., et al. (2014). Review of the findings of the Iġnick Sikumi CO2-CH4 gas hydrate exchange field trial. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH8-2014), July 28–August 1, Beijing, China, (17 pp.).
Anderson, B. J., Kurihara, M., White, M. D., Moridis, G. J., Wilson, S. J., Pooldadi-Darvish, M., et al. (2011). Regional long-term production modeling from a single well test, Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 28, 493–501.
Anderson, D. M., Stotts, G. W. J., Mattar, L., Fekete Associates Inc., Lik, D., & Blasingame, T. A. (2006). The 2006 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A., 24–27 September 2006, (15 pp.).
Barton, C. M. (2015, May 25). Industry continues to provide solutions for deepwater production challenges (8 pp.). Oilpro.
Barton, C., Hambling, H., Albaugh, E. K., Mahlstedt, B. & Davis, D. (2015). Deepwater solutions & records for concept selection. Going deeper with production technology. Poster May, Offshore Magazine Inset. 1 sheet.
Berman, A. E. (2013, September). Let’s be honest about shale gas. Houston Geological Society Bulletin (Hardcopy handout), 33, 35.
Bishop, R. (2015). RSK (UK) Limited. Luncheon presentation to New Orleans Geological Society, 6 July 2015.
Blas, J., & Smith, G. (2016). Oil’s nightmare scenario dominates Davos. Bloomberg Business. Oil’s nightmare scenario dominates Davos. Bloomberg Business. Accessed February 4, 2016.
Bloomberg. (2015). Beijing shivers as natural gas import delay turns down heat. Bloomberg News, December 28. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-12-28/beijing-curtails-natural-gas-supply-as-petrochina-lng-delayed. Accessed January 11, 2016.
Bonney, J. (2015). TOTE launches first LNG-powered container ship. JOC.com. http://www.joc.com/maritime-news/container-lines/sea-star-line/tote-launches-first-lng-powered-container-ship_20150420.html. Accessed April 27, 2016.
Boswell, R. (2016). Emerging issues in the development of geologic models for gas hydrate numerical simulation. Fire in the Ice, 16(1), 19–22.
Boswell, R., & Collett, T. S. (2011). Current perspectives on gas hydrate resources. Royal Society of Chemistry, Energy & Environmental Science, 4, 1206–1215. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0ee00203h.
Boswell, R., Collett, T. S., Myshakin, E., Ajayi, T., & Seol, Y. (2017). The increasingly complex challenge of gas hydrate reservoir simulation. In Proceedings of Ninth International conference on Gas Hydrates (IGCH9), Denver, Colrado, USA, 25–30 June 2017 (10 pp.).
Boswell, R, Collett, T. S., Frye, M., Shedd, W., McConnell, D. R., & Shelander, D. (2012) Subsurface gas hydrates in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 34, 4–30.
Bradford, A. (2016). Associated natural gas PDP warrants close watching. OilPro. http://oilpro.com/post/22887/associated-natural-gas-pdp-warrants-close-watching?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2016-03-04&utm_content=Article_7_txt. Accessed April 2, 2016.
Bret-Rouzaut, N., & Favennec, J.-P. (2011). Oil and gas exploration and production (310 pp.). TECHNIP.
Brown, M. (2017). China, Japan extract combustible ice from seafloor. PennEnergy. http://www.pennenergy.com/articles/pennenergy/2017/05/fossil-fuel-china-japan-extract-combustible-ice-from-seafloor.html?cmpid=enl_pennenergy_pennenergydailypetroleum_2017-05-22&email_address=michaelmax1@mac.com&eid=288179069&bid=1760760. Accessed May 22, 2017.
Cheang, C. Y. (2016). Japan progresses methane hydrate project, ignores industry downturn (5 pp.). Rigzone. http://www.rigzone.com/news/oil_gas/a/145552/Japan_Progresses_Methane_Hydrate_Project_Ignores_Industry_Downturn/?all=HG2. Accessed March 8, 2017.
Chia, C., The U.S. natural gas market—A quiet revolution? OilPro http://oilpro.com/announcement/4964/us-natural-gas-market-quiet-revolution?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2017-06-28&utm_content=Article_3_txt. Accessed June 29, 2017.
Clemente, J. (2017). The rapidly expanding global liquefied natural gas market. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/judeclemente/2017/07/09/the-rapidly-expanding-global-liquefied-natural-gas-market/#79a944752213. Accessed July 10, 2017.
Collett, T. S., Johnson, A. H., Knapp, C. C., & Boswell, R. (2009) In Collett, T. S., Johnson, A. H., Knapp, C. C., & Boswell, R. (Eds.), Natural gas hydrates: A review (Vol. 89, pp. 146–219). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir. ISBN 13: 918-0-89181-370-5.
Curtis, T. (2016). Unravelling the US Shale Productivity Gains. Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, OIES Paper WPM 69 (19 pp.).
Downing, B., & Livingston, D. (2015). Sharp declines in well production typical in Ohio’s Utica Shale. http://www.ohio.com/news/local/sharp-declines-in-well-production-typical-in-ohio-s-utica-shale-1.555015. Accessed April 6, 2015.
DW. (2015). World LNG market forecast 2016–2020. http://www.douglas-westwood.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/K573-World-LNG-Market-Forecast-2016-2020-LEAFLET.pdf. Accessed January 8, 2016.
DW 11/9/15. (2015). LNG—The coolest player in the European Gas Game. http://www.douglas-westwood.com/dw-monday-lng-the-coolest-player-in-the-european-gas-game/. Accessed April 27, 2016.
EIA. (2016a). Natural gas overview, data, analysis & projections. http://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/hist/n9140us2M.htm. Accessed May 19, 2016.
EIA. (2016b). Initial production rates in tight oil formations continue to rise. U.S. Energy Information Agency. https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=24932. Accessed February 12, 2016.
Emeigh, G. (2017). Offshore leadership forum kicks off efforts to move industry toward long-term health. Offshore, 77(2), 24.
Etherington, J., Pollen, T., & Zuccolo, L. (2005). Oil and Gas Reserves Committee (OGRC) of the Society of Petroleum Engineers “Mapping” Subcommittee Final Report—December 2005. Comparison of selected reserves and resource classifications and associated definitions. http://www.spe.org/industry/docs/OGR_Mapping.pdf. Accessed September 21, 2015.
Fahey, M. Oil prices and budgets: The OPEC countries most at risk. CNBC. http://www.cnbc.com/2015/12/03/oil-prices-and-budgetsthe-opec-countries-most-at-risk.html. Accessed March 25, 2016.
Fekete. (2010). Technical recoverability of gas hydrate in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Type I, II, and III Reservoirs (108 pp.). Prepared for the Bureau of Ocean energy Management. Fekete Associates Inc. Accessed August 19, 2015.
FERC. (2015). Proposed North American LNG export terminals. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. http://www.ferc.gov/industries/gas/indus-act/lng/lng-proposed-export.pdf. Accessed April 22, 2016.
Freeman, L. (2017). Billions of dollars of bad oil and gas loans. Oil & Gas Financial Journal. Laura Freeman Consulting, Houston. http://www.ogfj.com/articles/print/volume-14/issue-9/departments/capital-perspectives/billions-of-dollars-of-bad-oil-and-gas-loans.html?cmpid=enl_ogfj_ogfj_weekly_update_2017-10-02&email_address=michaelmax1@mac.com&eid=288179069&bid=1882105. Accessed October 2, 2017.
Fujii, T., Suzuk, K., Tokujiro, T., Tamaki, M., Komatsu, Y., Konno, Y., et al. (2015). Geological setting and characterization of a methane hydrate reservoir distributed at the first offshore production test site on the Daini-Atsumi Knoll in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 66, 310–322.
Gaddipati, M., Myshakin, E. M., Boswell, R., & Anderson, B. J. (2011). Gas production modeling from a complex 3-D description of marine hydrate deposits. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011), Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, July 17–21.
GIIGNL. (2015). Retail LNG Handbook Retail LNG & The Role of LNG Import Terminals Center for liquefied natural gas (CLNG) (107 pp.). http://www.lngfacts.org. Accessed March 15, 2016.
Gronholt-Pedersen, J. (2016). U.S. exports first shale gas as LNG tanker sails from Sabine Pass terminal. Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/us-shale-export-idUSKCN0VY08B. Accessed March 12, 2016.
Hall, C. A. S., Lambert, J. G., & Balogh, S. B. (2014). EROI of different fuels and the implications for society. Energy Policy, 64, 141–152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.05.049. Accessed January 20, 2016.
Hancock, S., (2008). Gas hydrates: Commercial sooner than expected. Presented at CERI Natural Gas Conference, Calgary, Alberta, February 2008. Referred to as source for figure in Walsh (2009).
Harrington, M. (2016). Will the O&G industry’s crash cascade into a 2008 styled credit contagion? OilPro. http://oilpro.com/post/21427/solving-2016-dilemma-part-two-cascade-effect-here?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2016-01-11&utm_content=Feature_1_txt. Accessed January 11, 2016.
Hubbert. M. K. (1956). Nuclear energy and fossil fuels. Shell Development Company, Exploration and Production Research Division, Publication Number 95 (22 pp.).
Hughs, D. (2015). Drilling deeper: A reality check on U.S. government forecasts for a lasting tight oil & shale gas boom. Part 3: Shale gas (153 pp.). http://www.postcarbon.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Drilling-Deeper_PART-3-Shale-Gas.pdf. Accessed January 23, 2016.
Hunter, R., & Digert, S. (2014). Final Technical Report September 30, 2001–March 31, 2014 Resource Characterization and Quantification of Natural Gas Hydrate and Associated Free-Gas Accumulations in the Prudhoe Bay–Kuparuk River Area on the North Slope of Alaska. Prepared for: U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (370 pp.).
Husky. (2016). The Liwan gas project. http://www.huskyenergy.com/operations/growthpillars/asiapacificregion/liwan.asp. Accessed April 27, 2016.
Hussein, A. A. (2015). Analysis: Why Hubbert’s peak oil theory fails. Oilpro. http://oilpro.com/post/18246/why-hubbert-peak-oil-theory-fails?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2015-09-08&utm_content=Article_10_txt. Accessed September 8, 2015.
IEA. (2016). Gas medium-term market report 2016, market analysis and forecasts to 2021 (131 pp.). International Energy Agency. ISBN (print) 978-92-64-25772-6/PDF 978-92-64-25773-3.
Inada, N., & Yamamoto, K. (2015). Data report: Hybrid Pressure Coring System tool review and summary of recovery result from gas-hydrate related coring in the Nankai Project. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 66, 323–345.
Islam, M. R. (2015). Unconventional gas reservoirs evaluation, appraisal, and development (615 pp.). Elsevier, Amsterdam. ISBN: 978-0-12-800390-9.
Itoh, S. (2013). Energy security in Northeast Asia: A pivotal moment for the U.S.-Japan Alliance. Brookings Institution, Northeast Asia Commentary Series # 67 (7 pp.).
JOC. (2015). TOTE launches second LNG-fueled container ship. http://www.joc.com/maritime-news/container-lines/sea-star-line/tote-launches-second-lng-fueled-container-ship_20150831.html. Accessed April 27, 2016.
JOGMEC. (2013). News Release: Gas production from methane hydrate layers confirmed (3 pp.). Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation, Tokyo. http://www.jogmec.go.jp/english/news/release/release0110.html. Accessed April 26, 2016.
Kanno, T., Takekoshi, M., Wang, S., Chee, M., Fukuhara, M., Osawa, Yamamoto, K., Fujii, T., Takayama, T & Suzuki, K. 2014. In-situ temperature measurement of gas hydrate dissociation during the world-first offshore production test. Paper OTC-25235-MS. In Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, Texas, USA, 5–8 May 2014 (5 pp.).
Kanno, Y., Yoneda, J., Egawa, Kosuke, Ito, T., Jin, Y., Kida, M., et al. (2015). Permeability of sediment cores from methane hydrate deposit in the Eastern Nankai Trough. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 66, 487–495.
Kramer, D. (2017). Refrackuring may not be all it’s cracked up to be. Physics Today, 70(11), 27–29.
Kurihara, M., Sato, A., Ouchi, H., Ebinuma, T., Suzuki, K., Masuda, et al. (2010). Prediction of production test performances in Eastern Nankai trough methane hydrate reservoirs using 3D reservoir model. OTC 20737. In Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, Texas, USA, 3–6 May 2010 (22 pp.).
Kurihara, M., Sato, A., Funatsu, K., Ouchi, H., Yamamoto, K., Fujii, T., et al. (2012). Analysis of 2007 and 2008 gas hydrate production tests on the Aurora/JOGMEC/NRCan Mallik 2L-38 well through numerical simulation. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 601, 217–259. In S. R. Dallimore, K. Yamamoto, J. F. Wright, & G. Bellefleur (Eds.), Scientific results from the JOGMEC/NRCan/Aurora Mallik 2007–2008 gas hydrate production research well program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada.
Kvenvolden, K. A. (1988). Methane hydrate—A major reservoir of carbon in the shallow geosphere? Chemical Geology, 71, 41–51.
Kvenvolden, K. A. (1993). Gas hydrate as a potential energy resource—A review of their methane content. In D. G. Howell (Ed.), The future of energy gases: U.S. geological survey professional paper (Vol. 1570, pp. 555–561).
Lee, J. (2014). Why LNG doesn’t trade like oil. Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects, Office of the Federal Coordinator. http://www.arcticgas.gov/why-lng-does-not-trade-like-oil. Accessed August 5, 2015.
Lees, G. (2017). China hypes up methane hydrates but Japan leads the way. InnovOil July 2017, 32–33.
Mahabadi, N., & Jang, J. (2014). Relative water and gas permeability for gas production from hydrate-bearing sediments. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15, 2346–2353. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GC005331.
Malik, N. (2017). Tanker’s U-Turn shows how shale is changing world gas. Bloomberg increased market flexibility. Accessed March 9, 2017.
Mason, J. E. (2011). Well production profiles assess Fayetteville shale gas potential. Oil & Gas Journal. http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-109/issue-14/drilling-production/well-production-profiles-assess-fayetteville-shale.html. Accessed January 27, 2016.
Max, M. D. (Ed). (2003). Natural gas hydrate in oceanic and permafrost environments (2nd ed., 422 pp.). London, Boston, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (now Springer).
Max, M. D., & Johnson, A. H. (2011). Methane hydrate/clathrate conversion. In M. R. Khan (Ed.), Clean hydrocarbon fuel conversion technology (pp. 413–434). Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy No. 19. Cambridge, U.K.: Woodhead Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1 84569 727 8, ISBN-13: 978 1 84569 727 3.
Max, M. D., & Johnson, A. H. (2014). Hydrate petroleum system approach to hydrate natural gas exploration. Petroleum Geoscience, 20(2), 187–199. Geological Society of London (Published in Online First 21 March 2014). https://doi.org/10.1144/petgeo2012-049.
Max, M. D., & Johnson, A. H. (2016). Exploration and production of oceanic natural gas hydrate: Critical factors for commercialization (405 pp.). Springer International Publishing AG.
Max, M. D., Johnson, A. H., & Dillon, W. P. (2006). Economic geology of natural gas hydrate (p. 341). Berlin, Dordrecht: Springer.
Max, M. D., Johnson, A. H., & Dillon, W. P. (2013). SpringerBriefs in Energy: Natural gas hydrate Arctic Ocean deepwater resource potential (113 pp.).
Merey, Ş., & Longinos, S. N. (2018). Numerical simulations of gas production from Class 1 hydrate and Class 3 hydrate in the Nile Delta of the Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Natural Gas Science & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2018.01.001.
Moridis, G. J., Collett, T. S., Boswell, R., Kurihara, M., Reagan, M. T., Koh, C., et al. (2008). Toward production from gas hydrates: Current status, assessment of resources, and simulation-based evaluation of technology and potential. In Proceedings of the SPE Unconventional Reservoirs Conference, Keystone, CO, U.S.A, 10–12 February 2008, (43 pp.).
Moridis, G. J., & Kowalsky, M. (2006). Gas production from unconfined Class 2 oceanic hydrate accumulations. In Max, M. D. (Ed.) (2003). Natural gas hydrate in oceanic and permafrost environments (2nd ed., pp. 249–266). London, Boston, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (now Springer).
Moridis, G. J., Reagan, M. T. (2007a). Strategies for gas production from oceanic class 3 hydrate accumulations, OTC 18865. In 2007 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, 30 April–3 May 2007.
Moridis, G. J., & Reagan, M. T. (2007b). Gas production from oceanic class 2 hydrate accumulations. OTC Paper 18866. In Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference, Houston TX, 30 April–3 May 2007 (33 pp.).
Moridis, G. J., Reagan, M. T. Boswell, R., Collett, T., & Zhang, K. (2010). Preliminary evaluation of the production potential of recently discovered hydrate deposits in the Gulf of Mexico. OTC 21049. In Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, Texas, USA, 3–6 (27 pp.).
Moridis, G. J., Silpngarmlert, S., Reagan, M. T., Collett, T., & Zhang, K. (2011). Gas production from a cold, stratigraphically-bounded gas hydrate deposit at the Mount Elbert Gas Hydrate Stratigraphic Test Well, Alaska North Slope: Implications of uncertainties. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 28, 517–534.
Morrow, E., & Wallace, L. (2016). Industry looks to reduce project complexity to lower cost. Offshore Magazine, 76(1), 31.
Murphy, D. J., & Hall, C. A. S. (2010). Year in review—EROI or energy return on (energy) invested. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1185, 102–118.
Musarra, S. P. (2015). Gas demand driving mega projects off Asia/Pacific. Offshore 12/29/15. http://www.offshore-mag.com/articles/print/volume-75/issue-5/international-field-development/gas-demand-driving-mega-projects-off-asia-pacific.html?cmpid=EnlOSDailyDecember292015&eid=288179069&bid=1263176. Accessed December 29, 2015.
Musarra, S. P., & Beaubouef, B. (2017). Offshore leadership forum addresses capex challenges. Offshore, 77(2), 25–29.
Myshakin, E. M., Gaddipati, M., Rose, K., & Anderson, B. J. (2012). Numerical simulations of depressurization-induced gas production from gas hydrate reservoirs at the Walker Ridge 313 site, northern Gulf of Mexico. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 34, 169–185.
NSWA. (2014). The economic impact of eliminating the percentage depletion allowance. National Stripper Well Association. Webpage access https://nswa.us/custom/showpage.php?id=25. Accessed August 15, 2015.
Noguchi, S., Furukawa, T., Aung, T. T., & Oikawa, N. (2011). Reservoir architecture of methane hydrate bearing turbidite channels in the eastern Nankai Trough, Japan. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2011), Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom, July 17–21, 2011 (9 pp.).
Noguchi, S., Fujii, T., Takayama, T., Murray, D. R., Fujii, K., Yamamoto, K., et al. (2012). Dissociation behaviour of gas hydrate throughout a production test, based on cased-hole log data, of the Aurora/JOGMEC/NRCan Mallik 2L-38 gas hydrate production research well. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin, 601, 205–216. In S. R. Dallimore, K. Yamamoto, J. F. Wright, & G. Bellefleur (Eds.), Scientific results from the JOGMEC/NRCan/Aurora Mallik 2007–2008 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada.
O&G. (2016). IHS: Decommissioning of aging offshore oikl and gas facilities increasing, annual spending rising to $13B by 2040. Oil&Gas Financ J. http://www.ogfj.com/articles/2016/11/ihs-decommissioning-of-aging-offshore-oil-and-gas-facilities-increasing-annual-spending-rising-to-13b-by-2040.html. Accessed December 1, 2016.
Offshore 1/18/16. (2016). Det norske targets lower-cost offshore Norway production. http://www.offshore-mag.com/articles/2016/01/det-norske-targets-lower-cost-offshore-norway-oil-and-gas-production.html. Accessed January 18, 2016.
Offshore 3/12/16. (2016). LNG vessel. http://www.harveygulf.com/green.html. Accessed April 27, 2016.
Offshore 11/18/16. (2016). World’s first FLNG facility starts up. Offshore. http://www.offshore-mag.com/articles/2016/11/world-s-first-flng-facility-starts-up.html. Accessed November 18, 2016.
Offshore 10/17/17. (2017). Partnership unveils stranded gas FLNG proposal. http://www.offshore-mag.com/articles/2017/10/partnership-unveils-stranded-gas-flng-proposal.html?cmpid=enl_offshore_offshore_daily_newsletter_2017-10-18&email_address=michaelmax1@mac.com&eid=288179069&bid=1898186. Accessed October 18, 17.
Otani, A. 2/24/16. (2016). In a first, Cheniere to export US liquefied natural gas. CNBC. http://www.cnbc.com/2016/02/24/in-a-first-cheniere-to-export-us-liquefied-natural-gas.html.
PEES. (2016). Vietnam’s PV gas selects Honeywell to produce liquefied petroleum gas. http://www.pennenergy.com/articles/pennenergy/2016/01/refinery-news-vietnam-s-pv-gas-selects-honeywell-to-produce-liquefied-petroleum-gas.html?cmpid=EnlDailyPetroJanuary142016&eid=288179069&bid=1277592. Accessed January 14, 2016.
Price, P. B. (2007). Microbial life in glacial ice and implications for a cold origin of life. Federation of European Microbiological Societies Microbiology Ecology, 59, 217–231.
Pooladi-Darvish, M., Zatspeina, O., & Hong, H. (2008). Behavior of gas production from type III hydrate reservoirs. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, July 6–10, 2008 (11 pp.).
Reagan, M. T., Moridis, G. J., Johnson, J. N., Pan, L., Freeman, C. M., Boyle, K. L., et al. (2015). Field-scale simulation of production from oceanic gas hydrate deposits. Transport in Porous Media, 108, 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0330-7.
Reed, J. (2016). Here’s One Supermajor That’s NOT Planning Job Cuts. 1/20/16. http://oilpro.com/post/21661/here-one-supermajor-not-planning-job-cuts?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2016-01-20&utm_content=Article_6_txt. Accessed 20 Jan 2016.
Rodgers, K. J. (2017). What is the ROI (and EROI) on subsidized renewable energy. Natural Gas Now. http://naturalgasnow.org/roi-eroei-subsidized-renewable-energy/. Accessed June 30, 2017.
Ruffman-Weiss, L. (2016). Primus green energy methanol plant project is slated for 2017 delivery in the Marcellus Region. GTE Ink, The Magazine of the Green Economy. http://thegreeneconomy.com/content/launch-methanol-plant-project-announced?utm_source=ZohoCampaigns&utm_campaign=News+and+Events+from+The+Green+Economy_2016-03-14_1&utm_medium=email. Accessed March 30, 2016.
SBC. (2015). Natural Gas Series FactBook. Gas Hydrates SBC Energy Institute (SBC-EI) Schlumberger (99 pp.). https://www.sbc.slb.com/~/media/Files/SBC%20Energy%20Institute/SBC%20Energy%20Institute_Gas%20Hydrates_FactBook.pdf. Accessed December 22, 2015.
Scott, T. (2015). $30 Crude leads to $6 natural gas. Oilpro. http://oilpro.com/post/20989/30-crude-leads-to-6-natural-gas?utm_source=DailyNewsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2015-12-21&utm_content=Article_14_txt. Accessed April 27, 2016.
Schoderbek, D., Martin, K., Howard, J., Silpngarmlert, S., & Hester, K. (2012). North Slope hydrate field trial: CO2-CH4 exchange. Paper OTC-23725, presented at Offshore Technology Conference (13 pp.).
Sinor, J. E. (1991). Comparison of CNG and LNG technologies for transportation applications. Report for National Renewable Energy Laboratory (57 pp.).
Snow, N. (2017). Trump signals intention to achieve American ‘energy dominance”. Oil & Gas Journal. http://www.ogj.com/articles/2017/06/trump-signals-intention-to-achieve-american-energy-dominance.html?cmpid=enl_ogj_ogjwashingtonpulseupdate_2017-07-07&email_address=michaelmax1@mac.com&eid=288179069&bid=1804347. Accessed July 8, 2017.
Takahashi, H., & Tsuji, Y. (2005). Multi-Well Exploration Program in 2004 for Natural Hydrate in the Nankai-Trough Offshore Japan. OTC 17162. 2005 Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, TX, U.S.A., 2–5 May 2005 (10 pp.).
Tay, M. (2017). Floating Liquefied Natural Gas production bows out as U.S. exports roil market. Oilpro. Energyworld (the Economic Times) (3 pp.). http://oilpro.com/links/37411/floating-liquefied-natural-gas-production-bows-out-us-exports-roi. Accessed March 7, 2017.
Thomas, K. (2016). Will new Panama Canal be an LNG game-changer? OilPro. http://oilpro.com/links/31784/new-panama-canal-lng-game-changer. Accessed May 19, 2016.
Triepke, J. 12/18/15. (2015). Everything will bottom in 2016. Oilpro (Lloyd’s Register Energy). http://oilpro.com/post/20940/everything-bottom-2016?utm_source=Dai…campaign=newsletter&utm_term=2015-12-17&utm_content=Article_10_txt. Accessed December 18, 2015.
Tullo, A. H. & Johnson, J. (2013, March). The Gas Wars. Chemical and Engineering News, 9–13.
Tverbert, G. (2017). Researchers have been underestimating the cost of wind and solar (35 pp.). EnergyCollective. http://www.theenergycollective.com/gail-tverberg/2409208/researchers-underestimating-cost-wind-solar. Accessed July 30, 2017.
Uddin, M., Wright, J. F., Dallimore, S. R., & Coombe, D. (2012). Gas hydrate production from the Mallik reservoir: Numerical history matching and long-term production forecasting. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin, 601, 261–289. In S. R. Dallimore, K. Yamamoto, J. F. Wright, & G. Bellefleur (Eds.), Scientific results from the JOGMEC/NRCan/Aurora Mallik 2007–2008 Gas Hydrate Production Research Well Program, Mackenzie Delta, Northwest Territories, Canada.
USGS. (2000). Coal-bed methane: Potential and concerns. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-123-00 (2 pp.). Accessed November 27, 2015.
USGS. (2014). International gas hydrate research. U.S. Geological Survey slide show. http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f14/International_Review_USGS_Collett%5B1%5D.pdf. Accessed January 24, 2016.
Vafaei, M. T., Kmamme, B., Chejara, A., & Jemai, K. (2012). Nonequilibrium modeling of hydrate dynamics in reservoir. Energy & fuels. American Chemical Society, 26, 3564–3576. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef300348r.
Walsh, M. R., Hancock, S. H., Wilson, S. J., Patil, S. L., Moridis, G. J., Boswell, R., et al. (2009). Preliminary report on the commercial viability of gas production from natural gas hydrates. Energy Economics, 31, 815–823.
Watts, W. (2016). U.S. oil production is declining, but how fast will it fall? Market watch 4/4/16. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/shale-oil-production-is-finally-falling-but-unclear-how-fast-2016-02-26. Accessed March 12, 2016.
White, N. (2015, October). Study provides insight into optimal weight, size for FLNG vessels. Offshore, 58, 60–61.
Wilson, S. J., Hunter, R. B., Collett, T. S., Hancock, S., Boswell, R., & Anderson, B. J. (2011). Alaska North Slope regional gas hydrate production modeling forecasts. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 28, 460–477.
Zheng, S., Cao, Y., Wu, N., & He, Y. (2011). Numerical analysis on gas production efficiency from hydrate deposits by thermal stimulation: application to the Shenhu Area. South China Sea Energies, 4, 294–313. https://doi.org/10.3390/en4020294.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Max, M.D., Johnson, A.H. (2019). Commercial Potential of Natural Gas Hydrate. In: Exploration and Production of Oceanic Natural Gas Hydrate. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00401-9_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00401-9_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-00400-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-00401-9
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)