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Synergy of Community Policing and Technology pp 15–29Cite as

Community Policing in the Light of the New European Data Protection Legal Framework

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Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Criminology ((BRIEFSPOLICI))

Abstract

Our analysis of community policing focuses on the impact of the new Data Protection Package that will enter into force in May 2018. We identify and discuss the implications of both the General Data Protection Regulation (2016/ 679/ EU-GDPR) and the Police and Criminal Justice Authorities Directive (2016/680/ EU -PCJA Directive), as due to the hybrid nature–function of community policing platform/ applications both legal instruments will be applicable. We insist on legal provisions of GDPR concerning information and transparency duties, application of data protection principles, consent of involved persons, processing requirements as well as rights of data subjects that may be affected by community policing information applications and activities. In this context we analyse new principles and obligations such as accountability as well as privacy by design, obligation to carry data protection impact assessment, designation of a data protection officer, etc. With regard to the analysis of PCJA Directive we considered and assessed the legal obligations in the light of the specific duties and tasks of police authorities with focus on categorization of personal data and accuracy. As case study we analyse the way the INSPEC2T project has dealt with the legal issues identified. In our conclusion we emphasize the importance of an adequate and balanced data protection framework on community policing. However we point out the potential issues that may arise due to cumulative application of two different legal frameworks (GDPR and PCJA Directive) and the lack of clarity of some, basic duties.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    More about at the INSPEC2T project site at http://inspec2t-project.eu/en/objectives

  2. 2.

    For instance, Dutch police uses a system called “iColumbo” that, on the basis of certain keywords or profiles, views and analyses Big Data on the internet to get personalized results about (possible) criminal offences.

  3. 3.

    REGULATION (EU) 2016/679 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)

  4. 4.

    DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/680 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA.

  5. 5.

    “A body or entity which processes personal data on behalf of such authorities within the scope of this Directive should be bound by a contract or other legal act and by the provisions applicable to processors pursuant to this Directive”.

  6. 6.

    Article 2 (d) of GDPR.

  7. 7.

    “A body or entity which processes personal data on behalf of such authorities within the scope of this Directive should be bound by a contract or other legal act and by the provisions applicable to processors pursuant to this Directive”.

  8. 8.

    Article 8 (1) of the Directive.

  9. 9.

    Working Party on Police and Justice; The Future of Privacy. Joint contribution to the consultation of the European Commission on the legal framework for the fundamental right to protection of personal data, adopted on 01 December 2009, page 26.

  10. 10.

    Article 7 (3) of the Directive.

  11. 11.

    Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA of 27 November 2008 on the protection of personal data processed in the framework of police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, OJ L 350/60.

  12. 12.

    https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7519

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Law, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus

    Philippe Jougleux

  2. Center for Security Studies (KEMEA), Greek Ministry of Interior, Αthens, Greece

    Georgios Leventakis

  3. University of Aegean, School of Science, Lesbos, Greece

    Georgios Leventakis

  4. Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of the Aegean, Lesbos, Greece

    Lilian Mitrou

Authors
  1. Philippe Jougleux
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  2. Georgios Leventakis
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  3. Lilian Mitrou
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Correspondence to Philippe Jougleux .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Greek Ministry of Interior, Center for Security Studies (KEMEA), Athens, Greece

    Georgios Leventakis

  2. City University of New York, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY, USA

    M. R. Haberfeld

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Jougleux, P., Leventakis, G., Mitrou, L. (2019). Community Policing in the Light of the New European Data Protection Legal Framework. In: Leventakis, G., Haberfeld, M. (eds) Synergy of Community Policing and Technology. SpringerBriefs in Criminology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00299-2_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00299-2_2

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